冷却温度和受控的大气改变了关键的挥发性化合物,这些化合物与香和香味有关
Arlan James D Rodeo1,2, Elizabeth J Mitcham1
1Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.
Frontiers in plant science
|July 19, 2023
概括
新鲜的玄米失去香气,冷却后变棕色. 用5%的二氧化碳 (CO2) 储存玄米,可以帮助保存它的香气,并减少冷却损伤,特别是在寒冷的环境中.
科学领域:
- 园艺科学 园艺科学
- 食品化学 食品化学
- 收获后生物学 收获后生物学
背景情况:
- 新鲜玄米的受欢迎程度受到其短暂的保质期和易受冷却损伤的限制,导致色和香味丧失.
- 控制大气层,如二氧化碳 (CO2) 的升高,显示出延长玄米的收获后寿命的希望,但它们对风味挥发物的影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究低温和改造的大气如何影响挥发性有机化合物 (VOCs),负责香和风味.
- 评估不同度的二氧化碳在缓解冷却损伤和保持两种白基因型的挥发性特征方面的有效性.
主要方法:
- 在环境空气 (0.04%CO2),5%CO2或10%CO2下,在5°C,10°C或15°C的温度下保存了6天.
- 使用头空间固态相微提取 (HS-SPME) 与气色谱-质谱 (GC-MS) 结合,分析了挥发性配置文件.
- 多变量分析在温度和二氧化碳处理的反应中发现了差异积累的挥发物.
主要成果:
- 严重的冷却损伤和显著的气味挥发物损失发生在5°C相比较较高的温度.
- 温度对挥发性概况的影响比二氧化碳大气更大.
- 在5%的二氧化碳中储存可在"日诺威斯"玄米中减少冷却损伤症状长达3天,但对""玄米没有显著影响.
结论:
- 温度是影响新鲜大在储存期间挥发性和质量的主要因素.
- 虽然5%的二氧化碳可以在减轻某些玄米基因型的冷却损伤方面提供短期好处,但它并不能完全保留香味特征.
- 需要进行进一步的研究,以优化控制大气的策略,在收获后的储存期间保持玄米的感官品质.
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