气泡自发进入管道的动力学
Alexis Commereuc1, Manon Marchand1, Emmanuelle Rio1
1Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405, Orsay, France.
Soft matter
|July 19, 2023
概括
一个较大的气泡自发缩小成一个较小的管,由压力差异和流体动力学驱动. 这个泡,就是泡.
科学领域:
- 流体动力学 流体动力学
- 表面张力现象 表面张力现象
- 软物质物理学 软物质物理学
背景情况:
- 泡和肥片表现出由表面张力控制的复杂行为.
- 了解气泡和局限几何之间的相互作用对于各种应用至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究一个更大的泡自发收缩成一个更小的开放管.
- 描述管内肥膜形成的动态.
- 为这种现象开发一个预测模型.
主要方法:
- 对不同气泡大小和片数量的气泡-管相互作用的实验观察.
- 开发一种机械力平衡模型,将拉普拉斯压力和粘性力结合起来.
- 拟议模型的数值分辨率和非对称分析解决方案.
- 模型预测与实验数据的比较.
主要成果:
- 泡自发缩小,将肥膜层压入管中.
- 排空时间受到初始气泡到管径比率的显著影响.
- 管内的肥膜数量也在动态中发挥着关键作用.
- 机械力平衡模型准确合理化了观察到的现象.
结论:
- 气泡自发缩小成管是一个压力驱动的过程.
- 开发的模型为理解和预测动态提供了一个强大的框架.
- 泡到管的直径比和肥膜的数量是影响排空时间的关键参数.
相关概念视频
01:13Excess Pressure Inside a Drop and a Bubble
1.7K
The shape of a small drop of liquid can be considered spherical, neglecting the effect of gravity. This drop can further be considered as two equal hemispherical drops put together due to surface tension. The forces acting on the spherical drop are due to the pressure of the liquid inside the drop, the pressure due to air outside the drop, and the force due to the surface tension acting on the two hemispherical drops.
1.7K
01:23Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes
256
Hagen-Poiseuille flow describes a viscous fluid's steady, incompressible flow through a cylindrical tube with a constant radius R. This flow profile is often applied to understand fluid transport in narrow channels, such as capillaries. It serves as a foundational example of laminar flow. In this model, cylindrical coordinates (r,θ,z) are used to describe the radial (r), angular (θ), and axial (z) dimensions within the tube. For Hagen-Poiseuille flow, the velocity profile is...
256
01:09Turbulent Flow: Problem Solving
159
Carbonation is a process used to dissolve carbon dioxide gas in a liquid, commonly used in the production of carbonated beverages. Achieving efficient carbonation requires careful control of temperature, pressure, and flow conditions. By adjusting these parameters, carbonation efficiency can be maximized, producing a higher concentration of CO2 in the liquid.
Temperature is a key factor in CO2 solubility. In this case, the CO2 gas and the liquid are cooled to 20°C. Lower temperatures...
Temperature is a key factor in CO2 solubility. In this case, the CO2 gas and the liquid are cooled to 20°C. Lower temperatures...
159
01:18Rise of Liquid in a Capillary Tube
1.9K
When very thin cylindrical tubes, called capillaries, are dipped in a liquid, the liquid rises or falls in the tube compared to the surrounding liquid. This phenomenon is called capillary action. Capillary action occurs due to the combination of two opposing forces: the cohesive forces of the liquid, which cause it to stick to itself and form a rounded shape, and the adhesive forces between the liquid and the walls of the container, which cause the liquid to be attracted to the container walls.
1.9K
03:48Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion
29.1K
Although gaseous molecules travel at tremendous speeds (hundreds of meters per second), they collide with other gaseous molecules and travel in many different directions before reaching the desired target. At room temperature, a gaseous molecule will experience billions of collisions per second. The mean free path is the average distance a molecule travels between collisions. The mean free path increases with decreasing pressure; in general, the mean free path for a gaseous molecule will be...
29.1K
01:10Poiseuille's Law and Reynolds Number
6.7K
Any fluid in a horizontal tube can flow due to pressure differences—fluid flows from high to low pressure. The flow rate (Q) is the ratio of pressure difference and resistance through a horizontal tube. The greater the pressure difference, the higher the flow rate. The flow resistance is expressed as:
6.7K