年轻发病的直肠癌:独特的瘤微生物组与对新辅助疗法的反应的相关性
Michael G White1, Ashish Damania2, Jumanah Alshenaifi3
1Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
Annals of surgery
|July 19, 2023
概括
年轻发病的直肠癌 (YORC) 的微生物组特征与晚发病例不同. 瘤中的口腔细菌与新辅助疗法的反应不佳相关,这表明潜在的微生物向治疗.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 微生物组研究 微生物组研究
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 年轻发病的直肠癌 (YORC) 发病率正在上升,病因不明.
- 在50岁以下的个人中,约克占直肠癌新发病例的25%.
- 外部暴露,宿主因素和微生物群之间的相互作用在癌症发展中至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究YORC.中的瘤微生物组概况.
- 识别与YORC病因学和生物学相关的微生物特征.
- 探索微生物组与直肠癌治疗反应之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 比较了YORC和晚发性直肠癌 (LORC) 患者的瘤和瘤邻近的正常组织.
- 利用全基因组测序和元基因组分析来量化微生物群落.
- 对新辅助疗法 (NT) 的评估反应作为主要病理反应 (MPR) 与非MPR.
主要成果:
- 在YORC和LORC患者之间观察到明显的瘤微生物群特征.
- 在YORC中,Fusobacterium nucleatum,Bacteroides dorei和Ruminococcus bromii与MPR有关.
- 与MPR瘤相比,非MPR瘤显示口腔细菌的患病率更高.
结论:
- 在直肠癌中的微生物特征在年轻和老年发病患者之间存在显著差异.
- 瘤中口腔细菌的存在与新辅助疗法后无法达到主要的病理反应有关.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索微生物组在直肠癌中的机械作用及其作为治疗点的潜力.
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