与丹麦学校SARS-CoV-2病例集群形成相关的因素:一项基于全国登记的观察性研究
Tjede Funk1,2, Laura Espenhain1, Frederik Trier Møller1
1Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Epidemiology and infection
|July 19, 2023
概括
丹麦学校的高免疫水平显著减少了儿童中的SARS-CoV-2集群. 以前的感染也提供了保护,表明接种疫苗.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染病监测 传染病监测 传染病
背景情况:
- 了解学校环境中的SARS-CoV-2传播动态对于有效的控制措施至关重要.
- 在COVID-19大流行期间学校重新开放在儿童中管理病毒传播方面提出了挑战.
研究的目的:
- 描述丹麦学童中SARS-CoV-2 (严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2) 病例和集群.
- 确定与学校环境中SARS-CoV-2病例集群发生相关的因素.
主要方法:
- 使用来自丹麦小学和初中学校的登记册数据进行的回顾性观察研究.
- 定义集群为在14天内在一个学校班级内发生的三起或更多病例.
- 采用描述性分析和多变量物流回归来确定相关因素.
主要成果:
- 与较高水平相比,在较低的学校班级中观察到更多的病例和群体.
- 41.6%的引入的SARS-CoV-2病例启动了一个集群.
- 在班级水平上增加假定的免疫力 (≥80%) 显著降低了集群几率 (OR:0.28). 在初级病例中,先前感染也显示出保护作用 (OR:0.58).
结论:
- 大多数在学校引入的SARS-CoV-2并没有导致集群,但集群,当它们发生时,可能会很大.
- 较高的人口免疫力,可能来自疫苗接种,是减少SARS-CoV-2在学校传播的关键因素.
- 儿童疫苗接种显著降低了学校环境中二次SARS-CoV-2感染的风险.
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