孕期叶酸,维生素B12和多不和脂肪酸之间的代谢相互作用
Erika Castaño-Moreno1,2, Ana María Ronco1, Paola Casanello3,4
1Laboratorio de Nutrición y Regulación Metabólica, Unidad de Nutrición Humana - Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA) - Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Advances in experimental medicine and biology
|July 19, 2023
概括
母亲的营养影响胎儿的发育. 由于肥胖而加剧的叶酸和维生素B12失衡可能会影响后代,但多可萨赫萨酸 (DHA) 补充剂可能会影响后代.
科学领域:
- 产科和妇科 产科和妇科
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
背景情况:
- 孕产妇的营养,包括叶酸,维生素B12和多可萨赫酸 (DHA),对于胎儿和胎盘发育至关重要.
- 国家叶酸 (FA) 强化和怀孕前FA补充是常见的,但维生素B12缺乏症在生育年龄的妇女中仍然存在.
- 孕期肥胖可以掩盖维生素B12缺乏,并加剧叶酸/维生素B12失衡,可能影响后代的新陈代谢和DHA水平.
研究的目的:
- 审查与胎儿发育有关的关于母亲营养的文献,特别是叶酸/维生素B12状态和孕期肥胖症.
- 探索母乳叶酸/维生素B12失衡和肥胖对新生儿脂肪,胰岛素抵抗,脂质代谢和DHA水平的潜在影响.
- 确定有关多可萨赫萨酸 (DHA) 补充在减轻与母亲营养状况和肥胖相关的新生儿不良结果中的作用的知识差距和挑战.
主要方法:
- 对研究母亲营养,妊娠期体重增加及其对胎儿发育的影响的文献综述.
- 对有关维生素B12缺乏率及其与叶酸摄入量和孕产妇肥胖的相互作用的人口数据的分析.
- 对暴露于母体叶酸/维生素B12失衡和肥胖的后代代谢和发育后果的研究进行审查.
主要成果:
- 怀孕期间的叶酸/维生素B12不平衡,特别是与孕前肥胖症相结合时,与新生儿不良后果有关.
- 这些结果包括增加后代的脂肪性,胰岛素耐药性,改变的脂质代谢,以及降低的多可沙赫酸 (DHA) 水平.
- 补充多可萨赫萨酸 (DHA) 扭转这些新生儿后果的潜力在文献中基本上没有得到解决.
结论:
- 母胎肥胖和叶酸/维生素B12不平衡会造成一个复杂的营养环境,影响胎儿的发育.
- 新生儿的代谢和发育特征可能会发生负面变化,这可能会对生命过程产生长期影响.
- 需要进行进一步的研究,以阐明怀孕期间补充多可萨赫酸 (DHA) 的疗效,以抵消这些不良影响并解决现有的知识差距.
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