结构性种族主义标记与美国主要城市的大规模枪击事件之间的关联
Michael Ghio1, John Tyler Simpson1, Ayman Ali1
1Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana.
JAMA surgery
|July 19, 2023
概括
大规模枪击事件 (MSEs) 在美国黑人人口较多的城市更常见,这表明与结构性种族主义的联系. 公共卫生工作应该解决这些种族不平等问题,以减少枪支暴力.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
背景情况:
- 大规模枪击事件 (MSE) 和它们的根本原因仍然不太清楚.
- 识别受中小企业影响不成比例的人口对于有针对性的预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查结构性种族主义与美国主要大都市地区大规模枪击事件的发生率之间的联系.
- 探索种族隔离和人口统计因素与大规模枪击事件的相关性.
主要方法:
- 一项横截面研究分析了2015年至2019年间美国51个最大的都市统计区 (MSA) 的数据.
- 数据来源包括枪支暴力档案和人口统计信息,重点关注MSE发病率和结构性种族主义标记.
- 使用统计分析,包括斯皮尔曼和线性回归来检查关联.
主要成果:
- 在MSA中较高的黑人个体百分比和MSE发病率增加之间发现了显著的关联.
- 较高的黑人与白人隔离指数和单亲家庭中儿童比例较高也与MSE发病率相关.
- 线性回归证实,MSA中黑人个体的百分比是MSE的重要预测指标,这表明结构性种族主义的作用.
结论:
- 该研究表明,结构性种族主义,特别是种族人口统计和种族隔离,与美国城市的大规模枪击事件的发生率更高有关.
- 旨在预防中小企业的公共卫生干预措施应考虑和解决与结构性种族主义和种族不平等有关的潜在因素.
- 这些发现强调了需要制定减轻种族差异的政策,以有效打击枪支暴力.
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