在多个样本类型中,抗原度,病毒载量和SARS-CoV-2的测试性能
Allison Golden1, Michelle Oliveira-Silva2, Hannah Slater1
1Diagnostics, PATH, Seattle, Washington, United States of America.
PloS one
|July 19, 2023
概括
针对SARS-CoV-2的快速诊断测试 (RDTs) 根据样本类型显示不同的性能. 鼻提供比唾液更好的抗原检测,这表明RDTs与鼻样本更可靠.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 诊断技术 诊断技术 诊断技术
背景情况:
- 快速诊断测试 (RDTs) 对于检测SARS-CoV-2至关重要,但它们的性能因样本类型而异.
- 了解不同样本中病毒载量和N-抗原度之间的相关性是优化RDT临床实用性的关键.
研究的目的:
- 调查RDTs在不同样本类型 (鼻抽样,前鼻抽样,唾液) 的性能.
- 分析N-抗原度和病毒载荷在这些样本类型内和跨越这些样本类型之间的相关性.
- 评估抗原度如何影响RDT结果并指导解释.
主要方法:
- 对214名已确认的SARS-CoV-2病例的亲密接触者的前性研究.
- 抗原度测量在鼻部抽样 (NPS),前鼻部抽样 (ANS) 和唾液中.
- 对NPS和唾液进行RT-PCR;对ANS和唾液进行RDTs.
- 对抗原度,病毒载量和RDT结果的分析与症状和疫苗接种状态相关.
主要成果:
- 抗原度与同一样本类型内的病毒载量有很好的相关性,但不同类型的抗原度与病毒载量没有相关性.
- 与唾液相比,在有症状的病例和鼻腔样本 (NPS,ANS) 中的抗原水平较高.
- 在ANS上的RDT结果与NPS上的RT-PCR有很好的相关性,抗原度有助于解释不一致的结果.
结论:
- 在SARS-CoV-2感染中的抗原动态支持使用RDTs与鼻腔样本以获得更好的临床敏感性.
- 唾液RDTs需要增强的分析灵敏度,以匹配鼻腔RDTs的性能,由于较低的抗原度.
- 基于已知的抗原度,RDT分析检测极限可以预测基于已知的抗原度的种群水平性能.
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