关于未来的谎言:Shuar-Achuar认识论规范,预测和承诺
Alejandro Erut1, Kristopher M Smith2, H Clark Barrett3
1Center for Applied Cognitive Science, Psychology Department & Population Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, 108 E Dean Keeton St, Office 1.316B, Austin, TX 78712, United States of America.
Cognition
|July 19, 2023
概括
文化差异决定了谎言的定义. 厄瓜多尔的Shuar-Achuar社区认为虚假的未来预测是谎言,与其他十二个国家不同,突出了围绕真理和欺骗的独特文化规范.
科学领域:
- 跨文化心理学跨文化心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
- 人类学是人类学.
背景情况:
- 欺骗和撒谎的定义在不同的文化背景下会有很大差异.
- 了解这些变化对于跨文化沟通和研究至关重要.
- 之前的研究还没有充分探讨在不同社区构成谎言的细微差别.
研究的目的:
- 调查谎言的概念化中的文化差异.
- 检查Shuar-Achuar社区对错误预测的独特观点.
- 为了比较Shuar-Achuar观点与其他十二个国家的观点以及非Shuar-Achuar厄瓜多尔人的观点.
主要方法:
- 跨文化比较研究,涉及来自Shuar-Achuar社区和其他12个国家的参与者.
- 包含非什瓦尔-阿丘亚尔厄瓜多尔人进行区域比较.
- 分析不同语言行为 (预测,承诺) 在不同情况下如何被归类为谎言.
主要成果:
- 舒尔-阿丘尔社区独特地将虚假的未来预测归类为谎言,不管发生了什么意外事件.
- 如果由于不可预见的情况而无法实现,在Shuar-Achuar社区中,失败的承诺不会被视为谎言.
- 诸如演讲者专业知识,群体成员资格和结果的性质等因素会影响跨文化分类.
结论:
- 在Shuar-Achuar社区中,一个独特的认识规范将预测性言论行为与预测失败时的谎言联系起来.
- 这个规范与在特定条件下对未来可知性的信念有关.
- 关于撒谎的文化概念受到关于知识,确定性和社会因素的潜在信念的影响.
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