根据SAR和光学数据进行水分配,以改善危险映射
Yang Han1, Fan Deng1, Jie Gong2
1School of Geosciences, Yangtze University, No.111 University Road, Wuhan, 430100, China.
Environmental research
|July 19, 2023
概括
本研究引入了一种使用卫星数据绘制干旱和洪水风险的自动方法. 该方法准确地识别水体,有助于在水条件变化的地区有效应急管理.
科学领域:
- 地球和环境科学 地球和环境科学
- 遥感 遥感 遥感 遥感
- 水文学的水文学
背景情况:
- 气候变化正在增加极端降水和干旱事件,导致地表水体的快速变化.
- 准确和快速地绘制水文变化对于有效的灾害风险降低和应急管理至关重要.
- 发生严重水文变化的地区需要专门的危险评估方法.
研究的目的:
- 提出一种用于绘制干旱和洪水风险的自动方法,特别是在经历重大水文变化的地区.
- 开发一个能够快速地绘制危险地图的系统,即使没有光学数据.
- 提高水体识别的准确性,以更好地管理灾害.
主要方法:
- 利用Sentinel-1/2和Landsat卫星数据进行地表水提取.
- 对光学数据的基于指数的综合分析和对雷达数据的区域-Otsu方法来识别水体.
- 分类永久和季节性水体,以建立危险识别的基准.
主要成果:
- 在案例研究中与现有产品具有很高的相似性 (波扬湖,波河平原,印度河平原).
- 该方法为受洪水和干旱影响的地区提供了详细的见解.
- 验证了快速映射的能力,独立于光学数据的可用性.
结论:
- 开发的方法有效地绘制干旱和洪水风险的地图,在水文条件波动的地区.
- 这种方法通过减轻自然水文动态的错误来提高应急管理和减少灾害风险.
- 该方法为了解和应对动态环境中与水有关的危险提供了有价值的工具.
更多相关视频
12:26Integrating Remote Sensing with Species Distribution Models; Mapping Tamarisk Invasions Using the Software for Assisted Habitat Modeling SAHM
Published on: October 11, 2016
13.4K
09:44Use of Principal Components for Scaling Up Topographic Models to Map Soil Redistribution and Soil Organic Carbon
Published on: October 16, 2018
10.3K
相关概念视频
01:29Applications of GIS: Disaster Management and Emergency Response
112
Geographic Information System (GIS) technology is essential for risk identification, action prioritization, and resource optimization in critical situations like flooding and earthquakes. By integrating spatial and demographic data, GIS provides a comprehensive framework for emergency response.GIS integrates data layers, like rainfall intensity, topography, elevation profiles, and river levels, to model high-risk flood zones. These layers assess areas susceptible to flooding based on their...
112
01:21Manipulation and Analysis
43
GIS manipulation and analysis functions are vital for decision-making and planning. These activities range from data retrieval tasks, such as selecting information based on specific criteria, to advanced analytical techniques that address complex spatial problems.One critical GIS analysis method is overlaying, which combines multiple data layers to examine impacts. For example, overlaying a river-dammed lake boundary with road networks can identify affected infrastructure. Another common...
43
01:25Selected Data About Geographic Locations
49
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) rely on two core types of data: spatial data and attribute data.Spatial DataSpatial data defines the physical location of features within a coordinate system, typically expressed in terms of latitude and longitude. It provides precise positioning for elements like roads, rivers, or buildings.Attribute DataAttribute data complements spatial data by adding descriptive information about these features. For example, a road's spatial data includes its start and...
49
01:17Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment
72
Flood risk assessment involves careful planning and analysis to ensure the safety of communities near water retention structures. Capacity contours are a vital tool in this process, as they illustrate the potential spread of water at specific levels in a given area. In the context of building a bund across a small valley, these contours play a critical role in evaluating the safety of nearby residential areas.In this example, the bund is intended to store stormwater in the valley. The engineers...
72
01:30Thematic Layering in GIS
59
In the past, planning projects such as schools or public facilities required extensive manual effort to gather and compile data. Information such as property boundaries, soil characteristics, road networks, zoning regulations, and flood zones had to be sourced individually from courthouses, utility providers, and registry offices. Assembling these datasets into a coherent format often took several months, delaying project timelines.The introduction of Geographic Information Systems (GIS)...
59
01:23GIS Software, Hardware, and Sources of GIS Data
94
A Geographic Information System (GIS) combines specialized software and hardware to effectively manage, analyze, and present spatial and related data. GIS software includes critical functionalities such as a user interface for easy navigation, database management tools for handling spatial and attribute data, and data retrieval features for efficient access. Analytical tools transform raw data into insights, while display functions produce maps and reports in various formats for effective...
94