综述:幼生猪体验及对即时和长期适应能力的影响
M E Lucas1, L M Hemsworth1, P H Hemsworth1
1Animal Welfare Science Centre, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience
|July 19, 2023
概括
早期的生活经历显著影响小猪对压力的抵抗力. 积极的人际互动和适当的住房环境提高了应激适应能力,改善了动物福利和生产系统的生产率.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 伦理学 伦理学 伦理学
- 动物福利 动物福利
背景情况:
- 生产中的猪面临许多压力因素,包括断奶,养殖程序和环境变化.
- 早期的生活经历极大地影响了猪对这些挑战的性和适应能力,影响了他们的福利和生产力.
- 以往对其他物种的研究表明,可管理的早期应激暴露可以增强未来应激应对机制.
研究的目的:
- 调查早期生活经历,包括住房和人与人之间的互动,如何影响小猪对压力因素的抵抗力.
- 了解早期环境和社会暴露对猪行为和应激反应的长期影响.
- 在商业生产中确定改善小猪压力适应能力的实际策略.
主要方法:
- 对早期生活压力,住房环境 (箱子与子) 以及人猪相互作用的现有文献的审查.
- 对研究小猪对各种压力因素的行为和生理反应的分析.
- 考虑诸如母亲照顾,社会互动和环境丰富等因素.
主要成果:
- 关于养养的好处,存在相互矛盾的证据;一些研究表明,与养相比,在养养的猪的恐惧增加.
- 积极的早期人类接触对减少猪对人类的恐惧和改善压力抵抗力产生了深刻而持久的影响.
- 早期的社会经验和环境丰富可以减少断奶和混合时的压力,但突然的环境变化可以增加异常行为.
结论:
- 早期的生活经验,特别是积极的人际交互和适当的环境复杂性,对于培养小猪的应激弹性至关重要.
- 虽然住房环境起着作用,但人与人接触似乎对减少恐惧有更显著的长期影响.
- 需要进一步的研究,以优化在商业环境中积极的人类猪互动的实际应用,以提高动物福利和生产力.
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