中国中风监测报告2021年
1Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
Military Medical Research
|July 19, 2023
概括
中风是中国死亡和残疾的主要原因,在2020年影响了1780万成年人. 糖尿病和高血压等风险因素的不断上升有助于增加这种负担,需要改进预防和治疗策略.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 神经学 神经学
背景情况:
- 中风是中国死亡和残疾的主要原因,是一个重大的公共卫生挑战.
- 据估计,在2020年,中国约有1780万成年人遭受了中风,其中220万导致残疾.
- 人口老龄化和控制不良的风险因素,如高血压,糖尿病和高脂血症,正在增加中风负担.
研究的目的:
- 分析中国中风的流行病学特征,治疗模式和结果.
- 为"健康中国2030中风行动计划"提供数据驱动的见解.
- 在全国范围内为未来的中风预防和治疗策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 利用来自中国中风大数据观测平台 (BOSC) 和其他国家调查的数据.
- 包括来自1599家医院的2020年中风入院数据和一项前性全国性研究 (2019-2020年) 涉及136,282名患者.
- 分析了中风类型 (缺血性中风,脑内出血,脑下出血),治疗干预措施 (IVT,MT),成本和患者结果 (残疾,死亡率,复发).
主要成果:
- 2020年,有340万首次中风发生,医院死亡/出院率不符合医疗建议为9.2%.
- 缺血性中风 (IS) 占病例的80%以上,在中风类型之间,住院费用和死亡率存在显著差异.
- 在12个月的随访中,中风幸存者有14.0%的残疾率,8.5%的死亡率和5.6%的复发率.
结论:
- 脑卒中在中国是一个巨大的和不断增长的健康负担,由人口统计和生活方式因素驱动.
- 目前的治疗干预措施,如静脉输血凝聚剂疗法和机械血栓切除术,显示出不同的疗效和并发症率.
- 这些发现强调,迫切需要加强中风预防,早期检测和在中国各地有效的管理策略.
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