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巴基斯坦上学青少年的心血管风险因素是否由生活方式行为引发?
Nida Jawed1, Nilofer Fatimi Safdar1, Anishta Mehdi1
1School of Public Health, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
|July 20, 2023
概括
这项研究发现卡拉奇青少年心血管疾病风险因素的性别差异. 女孩的体重指数和体脂更高,而男孩的血压和握力更高,表明需要有针对性的干预措施.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
背景情况:
- 心血管疾病 (CVD) 构成了全球健康的重大负担.
- 青春期是建立影响长期心血管健康的生活习惯的关键时期.
- 了解青少年的特定性别风险因素对于制定有针对性的预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究性别与青少年心血管疾病的各种风险因素之间的关联.
- 识别青少年在人体测量和生活方式行为中的基于性别的差异.
主要方法:
- 从2016年到2019年,在巴基斯坦卡拉奇的低收入学校进行了一项横截面研究.
- 数据包括11至17岁的1195名青少年的人类测量 (例如,BMI,体脂百分比) 和生活方式行为 (例如,饮食,体力活动,屏幕时间) 的数据.
- 使用SPSS版本16进行统计分析.
主要成果:
- 与男孩相比,女孩的体重指数 (BMI) 和身体脂肪百分比显著更高 (p<0.05).
- 男孩表现出显著更高的缩和腹缩血压率,以及更大的手握力 (p<0.05).
- 观察到不健康的生活方式因素的高患病率,包括软饮料消费 (91.3%),身体不活动 (83.3%) 和过度的屏幕时间 (45.7%).
结论:
- 在青少年中存在心血管疾病风险因素的性别差异.
- 基于学校的干预计划应该促进健康的生活方式行为,包括均衡的营养,增加体力活动和戒烟.
- 为青少年群体推针对性健康教育,以解决性别特异性风险.
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