在吉尔吉斯斯坦的初级医疗保健中解决非传染性疾病:关于人口知识和行为变化的研究
Elvira Muratalieva1, Mehrigiul Ablezova2, Tolkun Djamangulova3
1Swiss Development and Cooperation in the Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
International journal of public health
|July 20, 2023
概括
世卫组织对非传染性疾病的基本干预方案 (PEN) 改善了吉尔吉斯斯坦的健康知识和行为. 这种初级医疗保健干预措施对预防非传染性疾病充满希望.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 预防医学 预防医学
- 卫生教育卫生教育教育
背景情况:
- 非传染性疾病 (NCD) 占吉尔吉斯斯坦所有死亡人数的83%.
- 初级卫生保健机构对于解决非传染性疾病至关重要.
- 需要有效的健康教育和咨询策略.
研究的目的:
- 评估世卫组织对非传染性疾病 (NCDs) 基本干预方案 (PEN) 计划的有效性.
- 评估PEN对吉尔吉斯斯坦初级医疗保健中的健康教育和咨询的影响.
- 测量人口对非传染性疾病的知识和行为的变化.
主要方法:
- 采用近乎实验的方法,采用了2000名参与者的样本大小.
- 干预措施涉及培训志愿者在初级保健设施和社区传播信息.
- 数据是在基线收集的,并在干预和控制区域进行了4年的随访后收集数据.
主要成果:
- 与非传染性疾病相关风险的知识在干预区域显著增加,从61%增加到87%.
- 健康行为有所改善:身体活动从23%增加到32%,每日步行 (≥30分钟) 从40%增加到71%.
- 风险行为下降:吸烟率从22%降至20%,酒精消费量从23%降至16%.
结论:
- 世卫组织的PEN协议有效地提高了健康的行为,有助于预防NCD.
- 吉尔吉斯斯坦的研究为适应和在其他国家实施PEN协议提供了实用模型.
- 加强初级医疗保健干预措施可以显著改善与非传染性疾病相关的人口健康结果.
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