细胞类型多样性和新奇性的新假设来自皮动物中基于orthology的比较单细胞和细胞核转录学
Anne Meyer1, Carolyn Ku1, William L Hatleberg1
1Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, United States.
eLife
|July 20, 2023
概括
这项研究使用单核RNA测序绘制了蝙蝠海星胚胎中的细胞类型. 它揭示了新的细胞状态,并重新解释了皮动物的色素和骨细胞的进化.
科学领域:
- 发育生物学是发展生物学.
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 细胞类型是元动物生物多样性和进化的基础.
- 单细胞转录组技术正在重新定义细胞类型识别和进化.
- 皮动物,像海和海星一样,为新型细胞类型的进化提供了关键的见解.
研究的目的:
- 在胚胎发育期间,为蝙蝠海星, *Patiria miniata* 构建一个全面的基因表达图谱.
- 为了识别和描述P. miniata*胚胎中的不同细胞状态.
- 为了比较 *P. miniata* 和海 *Strongylocentrotus purpuratus* 之间的细胞类型进化.
主要方法:
- 单核RNA测序 (snRNA-seq) 的胚胎阶段的 * 帕特里亚迷你*.
- 生物信息分析以生成具有23个不同的细胞群的基因表达图谱.
- 使用1:1对*P. miniata*和*Strongylocentrotus purpuratus*之间的正义词进行比较的转录基因分析.
主要成果:
- *P. miniata*地图识别了23个细胞群跨生殖层,包括四个神经,一个免疫类,以及明显的右/左结质细胞群.
- 在 *P. miniata* 中没有发现 *S. purpuratus* piwil3+ 细胞对应物,而 *P. miniata* 的左脑膜中没有 *S. purpuratus* 的对应物.
- *S. purpuratus* 的色素细胞映射到 *P. miniata* 的免疫类介质细胞和神经细胞;骨性介质细胞映射到 *P. miniata* 的右细胞.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了对皮动物颜料和骨细胞进化的新解释.
- 细胞类型组成的差异可能反映了物种之间的发育时间变化.
- 这些发现促使人们重新评估传统的定义和新型细胞类型的概念.
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