基于VSV的单剂量疫苗可以在Taï森林病毒感染后保护Cynomolgus免受疾病的影响
Paige Fletcher1, Kyle L O'Donnell1, Brianna M Doratt2
1Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
Emerging microbes & infections
|July 20, 2023
概括
一种针对泰林病毒 (TAFV) 的新型疫苗在单剂量后对非人类灵长类动物显示出完全的保护. 这种基于囊泡性口腔炎病毒的疫苗提供了对这种新兴的菲洛病毒威胁的有希望的对策.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 泰森林病毒 (TAFV) 是一种埃博拉病毒,在黑猩猩和一个人类病例中引起致命感染.
- 有限的研究存在TAFV,但filovirus的出现需要采取对策.
- 对像TAFV这样知名度较低的细菌病毒进行有效疫苗的需求至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估一种基于囊泡性口腔炎病毒 (VSV) 的疫苗,表达TAFV糖蛋白.
- 评估VSV-TAFV疫苗在非人类灵长类动物 (NHPs) 对致命TAFV的保护效果.
- 研究疫苗诱导性保护的基础分子机制.
主要方法:
- 开发一种基于VSV的疫苗,编码TAFV糖蛋白.
- 用单次高剂量VSV-TAFV疫苗接种NHP的疫苗.
- 在接种疫苗和控制NHP的致命TAFV挑战.
- 评估幽默和细胞免疫反应.
- 组织组织病理学分析.
- 全血样本的转录分析.
主要成果:
- 接种疫苗的NHPs开发了抗原特异性结合和中和抗体,以及T细胞反应.
- 所有接种疫苗的NHP均均地受到致命TAFV挑战的保护,而对照群则屈服.
- 接种疫苗的NHP中没有组织病变,但在对照中存在.
- 基因表达分析显示,在接种疫苗后,有明显的先天免疫力和抗病毒反应.
- 与对照组相比,在疫苗接种后的NHP中观察到最小的基因表达变化.
结论:
- 一次剂量VSV-TAFV疫苗在NHP中提供了对致命的TAFV感染的完整保护.
- 这种疫苗会引起强大的免疫反应,并预防filovirus疾病的病理.
- 这种基于VSV的疫苗是TAFV疫情控制的有希望的候选人.
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