五岁以下儿童免疫完成率低:尼日利亚中北部州的游牧和农业社区是否做得更好?
B C Nwachukwu1, B W Alatishe-Muhammad2, S Ibizugbe3
1Assistant Public Health Officer, World Health Organization, Kebbi State Field Office, Ilorin, Nigeria.
Nigerian journal of clinical practice
|July 20, 2023
概括
尼日利亚农业和游牧社区的儿童免疫完成率超过了国家平均水平,尽管面临挑战. 有针对性的策略对于改善所有五岁以下儿童的疫苗接种覆盖率至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 尼日利亚免疫覆盖率下降影响了超过325万名儿童.
- 五岁以下儿童免疫接种的完成日益令人担忧,特别是在服务不足的游牧和农业社区.
- 运营和社会文化因素阻碍这些人群获得免疫服务.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较尼日利亚尼日尔州游牧和农业社区五岁以下儿童的免疫覆盖率和完成率.
- 确定影响这些不同人群免疫状态的因素.
- 为改善服务不足地区接种疫苗的战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及550名5岁以下儿童照顾者的横截面分析研究.
- 在游牧和农业社区招募参与者时使用的多阶段采样技术.
- 通过面试官管理的问卷收集的数据,并使用统计软件进行分析.
主要成果:
- 农民的免疫知识明显高 (44.4%好) 比游牧 (21.1%好).
- 与农民 (77.1%) 相比,游牧民 (98.2%好) 对儿童免疫接种的感知更好.
- 农民的孩子 (99.6%) 与游牧者的孩子 (92.4%) 的免疫接种率更高,完成率分别为87.3%和76.0%.
结论:
- 据报道,这两个社区的免疫接种完成率都超过了尼日利亚全国平均水平.
- 尽管报告完成率更高,但农业和游牧群体之间存在差异.
- 建议加强免疫接种活动,以解决尼日利亚弱势人口的覆盖率差距.
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