在向下面的细胞的巢中被动散热:对社会黄蜂早期殖民地发展的影响
Sofia Bouchebti1, Adi Domer1, Levona Bodner1
1School of Zoology, George S Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel.
Journal of thermal biology
|July 20, 2023
概括
东方大黄蜂巢的细胞面向下方,增强热量扩散,以有效调节巢的温度. 这种被动策略有助于早期殖民地发展,通过保持育繁殖的最佳温度.
科学领域:
- 动物学 动物学
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 热力学是一种热力学.
背景情况:
- 社会昆虫利用主动和被动策略进行巢穴温度调节.
- 许多社会黄蜂物种以向下定向的细胞建造巢穴.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究东方黄蜂 (Vespa orientalis) 的热特性.
- 为了确定细胞定向对热调节的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用热成像分析黄蜂巢中的热扩散.
- 通过向下,向侧和向上的细胞,在巢中比较热扩散.
主要成果:
- 当细胞面向下时,沿着垂直巢梯度的热扩散显著更有效.
- 向下面的细胞提高巢穴温度,而不是侧向或向上的方向.
结论:
- 东方黄蜂巢的向下面的细胞结构是一种有效的被动温度调节机制.
- 这种被动的温度调节对于早期的殖民地阶段至关重要,它支持女王在培养第一个幼时.
- 与蜜蜂不同,黄蜂缺乏在繁殖细胞中储存食物,这可能使它们能够更好地利用巢结构的热效益.
相关概念视频
01:17Passive Diffusion: Overview and Kinetics
551
Passive diffusion is a critical process that allows small lipophilic drugs to cross the cell membrane along a concentration gradient. This mechanism's efficiency depends on four primary factors: the membrane's surface area, the drug's lipid-water partition coefficient, the concentration gradient, and the membrane's thickness.
When administered orally, drugs establish a substantial concentration gradient between the gastrointestinal (GI) lumen and the bloodstream, expediting...
When administered orally, drugs establish a substantial concentration gradient between the gastrointestinal (GI) lumen and the bloodstream, expediting...
551
01:19Mechanism of heat transfer
1.2K
Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...
1.2K
01:14Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
372
Heat transfer between the human body and its environment occurs through four main mechanisms: conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation.
Conduction, accounting for approximately 3% of body heat loss at rest, is the process of exchanging heat between molecules of two materials in direct contact. This can result in both heat loss and gain. For instance, when the body is submerged in water, which conducts heat 20 times more effectively than air, it can either lose or gain significant...
Conduction, accounting for approximately 3% of body heat loss at rest, is the process of exchanging heat between molecules of two materials in direct contact. This can result in both heat loss and gain. For instance, when the body is submerged in water, which conducts heat 20 times more effectively than air, it can either lose or gain significant...
372
01:14Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I
4.3K
Just as interesting as the effects of heat transfer on a system are the methods by which the heat transfer occur. Whenever there is a temperature difference, heat transfer occurs. It may occur rapidly, such as through a cooking pan, or slowly, such as through the walls of a picnic ice box. So many processes involve heat transfer that it is hard to imagine a situation where no heat transfer occurs. Yet, every heat transfer takes place by only three methods: conduction, convection, and radiation.
4.3K
00:57Inclusive Fitness
36.1K
Most altruistic behavior—in which one animal helps another at a cost to themselves—occurs between relatives. Scientists think these altruistic behaviors evolved because they increase the inclusive fitness of the animal providing help.
36.1K
01:20Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II
3.3K
In convection, thermal energy is carried by the large-scale flow of matter. Ocean currents and large-scale atmospheric circulation, which result from the buoyancy of warm air and water, transfer hot air from the tropics toward the poles and cold air from the poles toward the tropics. The Earth’s rotation interacts with those flows, causing the observed eastward flow of air in the temperate zones. Convection dominates heat transfer by air, and the amount of available space for the airflow...
3.3K