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通过模拟来研究进口基因材料在小牛育种计划中的好处和危害
J Obšteter1, J Jenko2, I Pocrnic3
1Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Institute of Slovenia, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Journal of dairy science
|July 20, 2023
概括
进口遗传物质可以促进小牛育种计划的遗传收益,特别是当基因组选择延迟时. 然而,过度依赖进口遗传学可能会降低收益并降低国内选择努力的价值.
科学领域:
- 动物育种和遗传学动物育种和遗传学
- 定量遗传学 是一种定量遗传学.
- 提高畜牧业的改善
背景情况:
- 小规模的繁殖计划面临着遗传收益和内生繁殖的挑战.
- 进口遗传物质是一种增强遗传收益和变异性的策略.
- 基因组选择提供了新的潜力,但可以加剧现有的问题.
研究的目的:
- 量化进口基因材料对小牛繁殖计划的好处.
- 确定进口遗传物质最有利的条件.
- 分析从国内选择与进口选择中获得遗传收益的来源.
主要方法:
- 模拟了两个牛养殖计划:一个大型的外国计划和一个小型的国内计划.
- 评估了不同百分比使用外国马匹和遗传关联的场景.
- 评估了基因组选择的并发与延迟实施的影响.
主要成果:
- 当基因组选择延迟时,进口增加了国内遗传收益,特别是在具有更高遗传相关性 (0.8-0.9) 的情况下.
- 观察到至少10-25%的外国 sire 使用有显著的收益,显示收益正在下降.
- 进口对遗传收益的贡献与其使用没有成比例增加,突出了潜在的危险.
结论:
- 进口遗传物质对于小型项目来说可能是有益的,特别是延迟了基因组选择的采用.
- 过度依赖进口遗传物质会导致产量下降和国内生殖细胞质价值下降的风险.
- 小规模的育种计划必须仔细权衡进口的好处与国内选择相关性和价值的潜在损失.
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