使用COM-B模型和理论领域框架了解八种COVID-19疾病预防行为的星座:使用行为变化轮子进行定性研究
Angel M Chater1,2, Phoebe Brook-Rowland1, Foyeke Tolani3
1Centre for Health, Wellbeing and Behaviour Change, Institute for Sport and Physical Activity Research, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford, United Kingdom.
行为科学和COM-B模型被用来了解高风险工作场所的COVID-19预防行为. 支持性领导和协作性干预设计是有效公共卫生战略的关键.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 行为科学和行为改变策略在公共卫生中至关重要,特别是在COVID-19大流行期间减轻伤害.
- 这些方法为高效有效地创建基于证据的干预策略提供了有价值的见解.
- 与目标人群共同创建干预措施确保了相关性和影响.
研究的目的:
- 应用COM-B (能力,机会,动机,行为) 模型来了解高风险工作场所的COVID-19预防行为.
- 调查遵守"手,脸,空间,新鲜空气"和"寻找,隔离,测试 (FIT) 和接种疫苗"指南.
- 为制定针对性干预策略以减少SARS-CoV-2传播提供信息.
主要方法:
- 一项定性研究涉及对来自学校,养老院和仓库的23名参与者 (16名女性,7名男性) 进行半结构面试.
- 用专题分析来分析采访数据.
- 结果被推断地映射到COM-B模型和理论领域框架中,使用行为变化轮 (BCW) 进行干预设计.
主要成果:
- 10个核心主题出现了,包括知识和技能,行为调节,行动意愿,担忧,情绪影响,环境因素,社会影响,团结减弱,领导信誉和不一致的坚持.
- 这些主题被映射到COM-B模型中,提供了对行为决定因素的全面理解.
- 使用行为变化轮来指导干预开发,开发了一个逻辑模型.
结论:
- 该研究提出了一种新的分析,将八种行为整合到一个单一的主题分析和COM-B诊断中,使地方当局能够优先考虑资源.
- 支持和可信的领导力,以及协作干预的发展,成为关键因素.
- 通过教育和培训促进预防行为的价值和增强知识/技能,可以促进坚持,与已建立的行为科学指导保持一致.
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