在有或没有注意力缺陷/多动症障碍的第一发精神病中的认知偏差
Vanessa Sanchez-Gistau1,2,3,4, Angel Cabezas1,2,3,4, Nuria Manzanares1,4
1Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata of Reus, Reus, Spain.
患有注意力缺陷/多动症障碍 (ADHD) 的第一发精神病 (FEP) 患者比没有ADHD的患者表现出更大的认知偏见. 这些偏见,特别是意向化和情感推理,与FEP-ADHD+个体的精神病严重程度和功能障碍有关.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 精神病障碍和注意力缺陷/多动症障碍 (ADHD) 是一种神经发育状况,其特点是社会认知缺陷.
- 认知偏见,特别是在解释社会信息时,有助于精神病中的人际关系困难.
- 患有并非并发性ADHD的第一发症精神病 (FEP) 患者的特定认知偏差仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查和比较FEP患者的认知偏差的类型和严重程度,有或没有童年ADHD病史.
- 探索这些FEP子组的认知偏见和精神病理学之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 121名FEP门诊患者使用ADHD诊断面试 (DIVA) 进行了儿童多动症查.
- 认知偏差的评估是使用精神病认知偏差问卷 (CBQp).
- 同变性分析比较了FEP组和健康对照组 (HCs) 之间的CBQp得分;斯皮尔曼相关性检查了与精神病理学的关联.
主要成果:
- 与没有ADHD (FEP-ADHD-) 和HC的FEP患者相比,患有ADHD (FEP-ADHD+) 的FEP患者报告认知偏差严重程度显著更高.
- 在FEP-ADHD+患者中,意向化和情绪推理偏见更为明显.
- 认知偏差与两组FEP的积极精神病症状相关,在FEP-ADHD-中与抑郁症状相关,在FEP-ADHD+中与功能差相关.
结论:
- 认知偏差的严重程度从HC升级到FEP-ADHD-到FEP-ADHD+患者.
- 患有ADHD的FEP患者代表了一个特别脆弱的子组.
- 对FEP-ADHD+患者来说,超认知干预可能是有益的.
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