用基于反应时间的隐藏信息测试来诊断目击者识别:测试和编码之间的视角一致性的影响
Melanie Sauerland1, Linda Geven2, Astrid Bastiaens3
1Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Section Forensic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands. melanie.sauerland@maastrichtuniversity.nl.
Psychological research
|July 21, 2023
概括
使用隐藏信息测试 (CIT) 和照片排列,在不同的视图条件下检查了目击者识别的准确性. 意想不到的是,视图一致性最初没有影响CIT性能,但后来影响了,在不同研究中不同影响了阵列准确性.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 法医科学 法医科学 法医科学
- 目击者的证词目击者的证词
背景情况:
- 错误的目击证人身份识别是错误定罪的一个重要原因.
- 隐藏信息测试 (CIT) 是一种暗示识别程序,作为传统阵容的替代方案,特别是当初始查看条件最佳时.
- 犯罪和识别测试之间的视角一致性对目击者的记忆和识别准确性的影响仍然是需要调查的领域.
研究的目的:
- 调查编码和检索之间的视图一致性 (正面与配置) 对目击者识别的准确性的影响.
- 为了比较反应时间隐藏信息测试 (RT-CIT) 和在操纵视图一致性下传统的同步照片阵列的诊断能力.
- 评估视图一致性是否会缓和RT-CIT和照片阵容在区分罪犯和无辜个人的表现.
主要方法:
- 参与者看到一个模拟的盗窃与一致的正面或轮视图.
- 用RT-CIT和同时的照片排队来评估目击者身份.
- 通过在编码和测试时匹配或不匹配视角来操纵视图一致性.
- 进行了一项复制研究,使用更强大的操纵和更大的样本大小来证实初步发现.
主要成果:
- 在最初的实验中,RT-CIT表现出强大的诊断能力 (d=0.91),不受视图一致性的影响. 照片排列表现受到一个排列类型的视图一致性调节.
- 复制研究显示CIT的诊断能力中等 (d=0.63),视图一致性现在缓解了其效果. 查看一致性再次为一个阵容类型调节性能.
- 在第一项研究中,人脸识别诊断能力在线组和RT-CIT之间是可比的,但在第二项研究中,线组的诊断能力显著更高.
结论:
- 视图一致性可能会影响目击者识别的准确性,特别是对于传统的照片排列,其对CIT的影响可能取决于操纵的强度.
- RT-CIT和阵列的诊断能力可能会受到视图一致性等因素的影响,这表明要仔细考虑测试条件.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索影响阵容与RT-CIT的差异性性能因素,以优化其在法医环境中的使用.
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