蒙古四次烟草控制干预措施的成本效益
Ariuntuya Tuvdendorj1,2, Talitha Feenstra2,3,4, Erik Buskens2
1Department of Health Policy, School of Public Health, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
概括
蒙古的烟草控制干预措施,包括税收和大众媒体活动,具有高度的成本效益,显著降低了吸烟率. 发现学校课程可以节省成本,证明了这些公共卫生策略的价值.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 预防医学 预防医学
背景情况:
- 烟草使用仍然是全球和蒙古的重大公共卫生挑战.
- 量化烟草控制干预措施的成本效益对于资源分配和政策制定至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估蒙古四个关键烟草控制干预措施的成本效益:烟草税,大众媒体活动,学校计划和戒烟支持.
- 证明评估工具对当地环境的适应性.
主要方法:
- 利用动态人口健康建模和健康影响评估来预测吸烟率和疾病负担.
- 运用蒙古国家数据来比较干预成本和干预效应,并将其与通常情况下的情况进行比较.
- 计算的成本是每增加的生命年和每经残疾调整的生命年 (DALYs) 避免的.
主要成果:
- 所有干预措施都在三年内降低了吸烟率,其中烟草税的影响最大 (5.1%).
- 学校计划节省了成本,而大众媒体活动,税收和戒烟支持被发现是非常具有成本效益的 (每日避免低于4295美元).
- 具体的成本效益比为大众媒体25美元/DALY,税收74美元/DALY,停止支持1961美元/DALY.
结论:
- 烟草税收和大众媒体运动相对于其成本,提供了显著的健康益处.
- 减少男性吸烟率是蒙古特别有影响力的战略.
- 建议扩大世卫组织MPOWER干预措施,以进一步减轻吸烟负担.
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