蜜蜂相关病原体在本地蜜蜂和黄蜂中的广泛分布:病原体流行和同时出现的趋势
Kaitlin R Deutsch1, Jason R Graham2, Humberto F Boncristiani3
1Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Journal of invertebrate pathology
|July 21, 2023
概括
许多本地蜜蜂和黄蜂携带蜜蜂病原体,如Nosema ceranae和Melissococcus plutonius. 这凸显了传染病对授粉者健康和保护工作的广泛威胁.
科学领域:
- 授粉生态学 授粉生态学
- 昆虫病理学 昆虫病理学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
背景情况:
- 由于新出现的传染病,授粉者种群正在减少.
- 从历史上看,研究的重点是西方蜜蜂 (Apis mellifera) 的病原体.
- 影响蜜蜂的病原体也会影响本地授粉者健康.
研究的目的:
- 调查蜜蜂和15种本土蜜蜂和黄蜂种类的13种与蜜蜂相关的病原体.
- 评估这些病原体在本地授粉者中的流行率,包括之前未进行查的11种物种.
- 了解蜜蜂和本地授粉者之间的病原体共享和社区动态.
主要方法:
- 现场抽取蜜蜂和15种本土蜜蜂和黄蜂物种的样本.
- 用分子和微生物技术对13种特定病原体进行实验室查.
- 检测到的病原体的流行和分布分析.
主要成果:
- 53%的本地蜜蜂和黄蜂样本至少含有一种与蜜蜂相关的病原体.
- 最常见的是诺塞马 (Nosema ceranae),梅利索科克斯 (Melissococcus plutonius),变形翼病毒和黑女王细胞病毒.
- 虽然病毒在蜜蜂中更为普遍,但M. plutonius和Ascosphaera apis在一些本地物种中更为普遍.
- 在社区层面观察到新型病原体共发生的模式.
结论:
- 当地的蜜蜂和黄蜂经常被通常在蜜蜂中发现的病原体感染.
- 像M. plutonius和N. ceranae这样的非病毒性病原体在本地授粉者中广泛存在.
- 研究结果为本地传粉者健康和保护策略的风险评估提供了信息.
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