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乳牛的微生物组成,发酵参数,肠道甲排放,以及表型高和低甲排放乳牛的哺乳性能

N Stepanchenko¹, H Stefenoni¹, M Hennessy²

¹Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802.

Journal of dairy science

|July 21, 2023

概括

低甲和高甲产量的奶牛表现出类似的产量,但在肠微生物和消化方面有所不同. 低甲的奶牛降低了酸盐和更高的酸盐,这与特定的细菌和更低的料消化能力有关.

科学领域:

动物科学动物科学
类动物营养类动物营养
环境科学环境科学

背景情况:

奶牛的肠道甲 (CH4) 排放是一个重大的环境问题.
了解影响CH4产量的因素对于制定缓解策略至关重要.
在奶牛中存在CH4生产的表型变化.

研究的目的:

在哺乳期奶牛中研究高和低CH4产量表型之间的关系.
为了比较这些表型之间的体重,干物质摄入量,哺乳表现和乳头发酵.
为了确定与不同的CH4排放水平相关的微生物和遗传差异.

主要方法:

使用GreenFeed系统对130头荷尔斯坦牛进行肠道CH4排放的查.
选择 10 头牛 (5 头高CH4, 5 头低CH4) 进行为期 5 周的随机完全块设计实验.
分析牛奶的成分,产量,体重,乳汁中的挥发性脂肪酸,微生物16S rRNA基因丰富度和基因表达.

主要成果:

与高CH4产量 (HM) 牛相比,低CH4产量 (LM) 牛的每日CH4排放,CH4产量和CH4强度较低.
没有观察到LM和HM奶牛之间的体重,干物摄入量,牛奶产量或牛奶成分的显著差异.
LM奶牛在起液中酸盐与酸盐的比率较低,这与Succinivibrionaceae和未分类的Veillonellaceae的丰富性增加有关.
LM奶牛对甲基-CoM还原酶的转录较少,有机物和纤维的全通道表面消化能力较低.

结论:

奶牛的CH4产量与特定的肠微生物种群和发酵概况有关,而不是整体生产表现.
血液中的微生物转移,特别是酸产量的增加,是低CH4产量的表型的特征.
在低CH4产量的奶牛中,较低的料消化率需要进一步研究对营养利用的潜在影响.

关键词:

主体遗传学主体遗传学甲是一种甲.微生物组是一个微生物组.现象型现象型是一种现象型.转动物发酵转动物发酵

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