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对于目前流通的Omicron亚型的受体结合和更广泛的跨物种受体识别的结构基础
Zhennan Zhao1,2, Yufeng Xie1,3, Bin Bai1,2
1CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
新的SARS-CoV-2 Omicron亚型,包括BA.5,显示出有关受体结合的迹象. 一种特定的突变 (R493Q) 增加了与人类和动物ACE2的结合亲和力,增加了跨物种传播风险.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 结构生物学 结构生物学
背景情况:
- 多种SARS-CoV-2 Omicron亚型 (例如,BA.2,BA.2.12.1,BA.4,BA.5,BA.2.75) 的出现需要了解它们的传播动态.
- BA.5是全球占主导地位的菌株,而BA.2.75在某些地区的流行率正在增加.
- 评估这些亚变体的受体结合和跨物种传播潜力对于公共卫生至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查来自Omicron亚型变种的严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 尖峰 (S) 蛋白的结合能力.
- 为了分析这些S蛋白与人类和28种动物的 ангиотензин转化酶2 (ACE2) 基因组的相互作用.
- 阐明潜在的受体结合和潜在的跨物种传播的分子机制.
主要方法:
- 检查SARS-CoV-2 Omicron亚型 (BA.2,BA.2.12.1,BA.4,BA.5,BA.2.75) 的人类ACE2 (hACE2) 和S蛋白之间的结合亲和关系.
- 分析了9个类别的28个动物物种与ACE2基因组的结合相互作用.
- 确定关键亚变体和特定动物ACE2相互作用的复杂结构 (S/hACE2或RBD/hACE2) (例如,BA.2与老鼠,老鼠,黄金鼠ACE2).
主要成果:
- 欧米克龙亚变种与hACE2的结合亲缘关系与之前的SARS-CoV-2令人担忧的变种 (VOC) 或感兴趣的变种 (VOI) 相似.
- 确定了R493Q反向突变,显著增强了人类和各种动物物种对ACE2的结合.
- 结构分析揭示了SARS-CoV-2 S蛋白质广泛的物种间识别和受体结合的分子基础.
结论:
- 在SARS-CoV-2 Omicron亚变体中的R493Q突变,由于增强的ACE2结合,造成跨物种传播的风险增加.
- 了解S蛋白-ACE2相互作用的结构基础对于预测和减轻未来动物性传染事件至关重要.
- 对新出现的SARS-CoV-2变种及其动物感染潜力的持续监测仍然至关重要.
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