毒素与多发性硬化症有关吗? 毒素与多发性硬化症有关
Richard W Titball1, Nicholas Lewis2, Richard Nicholas3
1Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)
|July 22, 2023
概括
克洛斯特里透的毒素可能会导致人类的多发性硬化症 (MS). 研究发现MS患者中毒素和相关抗体的水平较高,这表明与疾病的潜在联系.
科学领域:
- 神经免疫学 神经免疫学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 克洛斯特里迪乌透的毒素是已知的牲畜中肠毒性病的原因.
- 新兴研究表明,这种毒素在人类多发性硬化症 (MS) 中可能发挥作用.
研究的目的:
- 在人类中调查Clostridium perfringensepsilon毒素和多发性硬化症之间的关联.
- 探索埃普西隆毒素可能导致MS病变的机制.
主要方法:
- 在MS患者的肠道微生物群中比较C. perfringens菌株的流行率和水平,这些菌株在MS患者的肠道微生物群中产生毒素,而不是健康的对照.
- 在MS患者和对照组中分析针对epsilon毒素的血清抗体水平.
- 研究epsilon毒素与髓和淋巴细胞 (MAL) 蛋白质受体的相互作用.
- 在MS的实验性自身免疫脑膜炎 (EAE) 模型中评估epsilon毒素的影响.
主要成果:
- 与对照人群相比,在MS患者的肠道中发现产生毒素的C. perfringens菌株的频率明显高,并且在更高的水平上.
- 多发性硬化症患者的血清中显示出针对epsilon毒素的抗体的患病率显著更高.
- 西龙毒素准MAL受体,导致血脑屏障和表达MAL的大脑细胞受损.
- 在EAE模型中,epsilon毒素促进了免疫细胞透到中枢神经系统,诱导了类似于MS的疾病.
结论:
- 这些发现提供了证据,支持Clostridium perfringens epsilon毒素在多发性硬化症的发病过程中的作用.
- 虽然这些研究有提示性,但尚未满足科赫的假设,无法最终证明因果关系.
更多相关视频
08:17Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Pathway Linking Obesity to Autoimmune Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis
Published on: February 23, 2024
4.3K
05:44Author Spotlight: Creating a Versatile Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model Relevant for Both Male and Female Mice
Published on: October 13, 2023
1.5K
相关概念视频
01:12Bacterial Toxins
Bacterial toxins are sophisticated virulence factors that enable pathogenic bacteria to interact with, invade, and damage host tissues. These toxins fall broadly into two types: protein exotoxins, which are secreted into the environment and target specific host receptors, and lipopolysaccharide endotoxins, which are structural components of the bacterial outer membrane released primarily during bacterial lysis or membrane shedding. Exotoxins generally act more selectively, binding to cell...
01:29Tetanus
Tetanus is a life-threatening neurological disorder characterized by persistent muscle contractions and spastic paralysis. It is caused by Clostridium tetani, a motile, Gram-positive, rod-shaped, obligate anaerobe. These bacteria produce terminal endospores, giving them a distinctive “lollipop” or “tennis-racket” appearance. They thrive in anaerobic environments, such as those found in deep puncture wounds.Once introduced into the body, the spores germinate into vegetative cells. These cells...
01:22Botulism
Botulism is a life-threatening neuroparalytic condition caused by botulinum neurotoxin, which is produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, a Gram-positive, spore-forming, obligate anaerobe.In adults, the toxin enters the body in different ways: in foodborne botulism, the preformed toxin is absorbed in the intestine. In wound botulism, spores grow in injured tissue and release the toxin into the blood. Infant botulism differs mechanistically from adult forms. In infants, botulism commonly...
01:28Diphtheria
Diphtheria is an acute, toxin-mediated infectious disease that primarily affects the upper respiratory tract. It is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a Gram-positive, pleomorphic rod that lacks spore-forming capability and exhibits a characteristic club-shaped morphology under microscopic examination. While C. diphtheriae can asymptomatically colonize mucosal surfaces, clinical disease manifests only when the bacterial strain is lysogenized by a specific β-corynephage. This phage...
01:18Bacterial Gastroenteritis
Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...
01:19Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...