夜间的人工光和社会脆弱性:美国环境正义分析2012-2019年
Qian Xiao1, Yue Lyu2, Meng Zhou3
1Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States; Center for Spatial-temporal Modeling for Applications in Population Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States.
Environment international
|July 22, 2023
概括
处境不利的社区面临着更高的人工夜间光 (ALAN) 暴露. 这种环境正义问题不成比例地影响弱势群体,突出了明智的照明政策和公共卫生考虑的必要性.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 遥感 遥感 遥感 遥感
背景情况:
- 夜间人工照明 (ALAN) 是一个新兴的环境健康风险.
- 处境不利的社区可能会经历不成比例地更高的ALAN暴露.
- 了解社会劣势与ALAN的联系对于公共卫生和政策至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查社会劣势与美国邻近地区ALAN水平之间的关系.
- 识别弱势群体并为照明政策提供信息.
- 通过农村-城市地位和美国地区来检查这种关系的变化.
主要方法:
- 利用美国宇航局黑大理石卫星数据进行ALAN量化 (2012-2019).
- 采用CDC的社会脆弱性指数 (SVI) 来衡量人口普查区级别的社会劣势.
- 分析了超过7万份美国人口普查地块,按农村-城市地位和地区分层.
主要成果:
- 在SVI和ALAN水平之间发现了显著的正相关性.
- 最脆弱的社区的ALAN比最不脆弱的社区高2.46倍.
- 少数民族和语言地位是强大的ALAN预测因素,城市核心和农村地区显示最强的关联.
结论:
- 与社会脆弱性相关的ALAN暴露构成了环境正义问题.
- 调查结果对公共卫生有重大影响.
- 这项研究强调了需要公平的照明政策.
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