一个多维的特征的神经认知架构底层的年龄相关的时空语音处理
Stefan Elmer1, Ira Kurthen2, Martin Meyer3
1Department of Computational Linguistics, Computational Neuroscience of Speech & Hearing, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Competence center Language & Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
NeuroImage
|July 22, 2023
概括
老年人表现出明显的语言处理变化,包括改变的感知和大脑活动,尽管听力正常. 大脑结构的差异与语音分类相关,突出显示与年龄相关的神经变化影响听觉处理.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 审计处理 审计处理
- 衰老研究研究 衰老研究
背景情况:
- 健康的衰老会导致语音理解问题,即使听力值正常.
- 时间语音处理对于理解口语至关重要.
- 神经功能和结构的与年龄相关的变化可能是这些困难的基础.
研究的目的:
- 调查与年龄相关的时间语音处理的功能和结构神经相关.
- 检查纯音调听力敏度如何影响这些与年龄相关的变化.
- 用多维方法比较年轻人和老年人的语音处理.
主要方法:
- 组合结构磁共振成像 (sMRI) 和电脑电图 (EEG).
- 在语音分类和歧视任务中收集的行为数据.
- 使用在语音发声时间 (VOT) 中变化的辅音-元音音节.
主要成果:
- 年龄较大的成年人表现出改变的语音分类,更经常将短VOT音节视为/ta/.
- 尽管存在类似的歧视,但老年人表现出更长的N100/P200延迟时间和增加的P200振幅.
- 老年人听力和额头区域的皮质厚度和表面积减少.
结论:
- 与年龄相关的时间语音处理涉及到功能和结构的神经变化.
- 大脑结构,特别是皮质表面积,在一致的语音分类中起作用.
- 这些发现提高了对听觉,言语和老化中的大脑相互作用的理解.
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