探究不可想象的:阿芬塔西亚对视觉心理图像和视觉知觉的不同领域的影响
Jianghao Liu1, Paolo Bartolomeo2
1Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France; Dassault Systèmes, Vélizy-Villacoublay, France.
概括
患有非想象症的个体,一种缺少视觉图像的情况,在视觉任务中显示较慢的处理速度,但保持准确性. 这表明现象意识或替代信息处理策略的潜在缺陷.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 视觉心理图像生动度的个体差异已经得到了充分的证据.
- 这些生动度变化的分布在各种图像领域中并不清楚.
- 人口中很大一部分人经历了视觉图像的缺失或减少,称为phantasia.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究不同视觉图像生动度对多个感官领域的表现的影响.
- 为了比较患有阿芬塔西亚的个体与那些具有典型和生动图像的人.
- 探索主观生动性和客观任务执行之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 使用了法国Battérie想象-感知 (eBIP) 的在线版本,其中有117名健康参与者.
- 参与者被分为奇幻 (N=44),典型 (N=42) 和生动 (N=31) 的图像组.
- 评估视觉图像和感知任务的准确性和响应时间 (RTs),包括对象形状,颜色,单词,面孔和空间关系.
主要成果:
- 在所有任务中,Aphantasic个体表现出与其他群体相比的准确性.
- 幻觉参与者在图像和感知任务中表现出明显较慢的响应时间.
- 主观生动性与所有参与者和领域的响应时间呈反向相关性.
- 虚幻的个体报告说,他们对感知任务的信心较低.
结论:
- 先天性阿芬塔西亚与在图像和感知方面更慢的视觉信息处理有关,而不会影响精度.
- 研究结果支持阿芬塔西亚理论,即现象意识的缺陷或非可视化策略的使用.
- 视觉图像的生动度会影响各种视觉领域的处理速度.
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