基因组流行病学和 Bordetella pertussis 的多层次基因组类型化
Michael Payne1, Zheng Xu1, Dalong Hu1
1School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Emerging microbes & infections
|July 24, 2023
概括
一个新的多层次基因组类型 (MGT) 系统用于 Bordetella pertussis 增强了对百日咳菌株的全球监测,跟踪疫苗抗原变化和抗菌素耐药性. 这种基因组工具有助于了解和控制百日咳疫情.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 由Bordetella pertussis引起的百日咳在全球范围内正在复苏,部分原因是疫苗适应.
- 新兴的抗微生物药物耐药性,特别是中国的宏类药物,造成了严重的公共卫生问题.
- 有效的监测需要强大的基因组类型,但B. pertussis缺乏标准化的命名法.
研究的目的:
- 实施和验证 Bordetella pertussis 的多层次基因组类型 (MGT) 系统.
- 为B. pertussis菌株的特征建立一个标准化的基因组命名体系.
- 促进全球监测流通和新出现的B. pertussis菌株,包括那些具有疫苗抗原变异和抗菌素耐药性的菌株.
主要方法:
- 为B. pertussis开发一个五层多层基因组类型 (MGT) 系统.
- 使用较低分辨率水平 (MGT2-MGT3) 来追踪主要疫苗抗原等位基因 (ptxP, fim3, fhaB, prn) 和全球趋势.
- 对于抗生素耐药性和 Prn 缺乏性血统,采用中等分辨率水平 (MGT3-MGT4),而对于细度流行病学事件,采用高分辨率 (MGT5).
主要成果:
- 该MGT系统提供分层解决方案,用于有针对性的血统识别和细微的歧视.
- 较低的分辨率水平有效地映射了疫苗抗原等位基分布和时间空间趋势.
- 更高的分辨率水平可以详细跟踪抗生素耐药性和疫情流行病学,与现有方法相比.
结论:
- 实施的MGT方案为全球B. pertussis监测提供了一个全面,强大和可扩展的解决方案.
- 稳定的MGT类型分配将协调排版工作并改善实验室间的通信.
- 公共可访问和定期更新的MGT数据库支持全球持续监测百日咳菌株.
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