水力发电:印度的一个低挂酸甜的能源选择
Maharaj K Pandit1, Kumar Manish1, Govind Singh1
1Jindal School of Environment & Sustainability, O.P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat, Haryana, India.
Heliyon
|July 24, 2023
概括
印度面临能源贫困,尽管它的经济规模. 通过仔细的规划和政策,可持续的水力发电发展可以解决能源需求,同时减轻环境和社会问题.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 能源政策 能源政策
- 可持续发展 可持续发展 可持续发展
背景情况:
- 印度经历了严重的能源贫困,在主要经济体中人均能源消耗排名最低.
- 水力发电为印度的能源不对称性和低碳增长目标提供了潜在的解决方案.
- 现有水电项目面临的挑战包括人口流离失所,生物多样性丧失和社会经济冲突.
研究的目的:
- 审查和解决围绕印度水电部门的担忧.
- 检查可持续水力发电的科学证据,能源政策和地缘政治因素.
- 在气候变化背景下,提出印度可持续水电政策的未来方向.
主要方法:
- 审查科学证据和能源政策的必要性.
- 分析地缘政治因素和气候变化背景.
- 审查与人类流离失所,生物多样性和社会经济影响有关的问题.
主要成果:
- 水力发电基础设施提供了除电力之外的好处,包括控制洪水,减缓气候变化和改善水安全.
- 仔细规划,负责任的项目设计,所有权和公众参与可以将生态和社会问题降到最低.
- 短期措施包括透明的调查,强制性环境计划和加强问责制.
结论:
- 印度可持续的水力发电需要精心规划,透明的流程和强大的环境和社会保障措施.
- 长期解决方案包括建立一个专门的能源和环境可持续性研究所,以及改善跨境水资源管理.
- 政策建议侧重于项目前的尽职调查,环境管理和对负责任的水力发电发展的制度简化.
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