新兴成年黑人男性中的物质使用轨迹:风险因素和后果
Elizabeth Kwon1, Assaf Oshri2, Tamika C B Zapolski3
1Department of Public Health, Baylor University, Waco, USA.
Drug and alcohol review
|July 24, 2023
概括
年轻的黑人男性表现出明显的物质使用模式,与童年逆境和种族歧视有关. 这些模式对心理健康产生影响,突出了为这一群体量身定制干预措施的必要性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 年轻的黑人男性因吸毒而面临不成比例的严重后果.
- 量身定制的干预措施需要了解其特定的物质使用模式,风险和结果.
- 现有的研究往往忽视了影响这群人口的独特心理社会因素.
研究的目的:
- 在年轻的黑人美国男性中识别纵向物质使用概况.
- 检查童年逆境,种族歧视和这些物质使用情况之间的关联.
- 调查物质使用模式与年轻成年人的心理健康结果之间的联系.
主要方法:
- 在四个波段 (2012-2021) 中对504名新兴成年黑人男性 (平均年龄20.26) 进行了纵向研究.
- 并行过程潜伏类增长分析用于模拟三种物质的联合纵向物质使用模式.
- 风险因素 (童年逆境,种族歧视) 和后果 (问题性物质使用,心理健康) 根据已识别的类别进行了分析.
主要成果:
- 确定了三种不同的物质使用轨迹:不使用 (39.9%),使用大麻 (40.1%) 和使用多种物质 (20%).
- 儿童时期的逆境 (基于威胁) 和种族歧视与大麻或多种物质使用的可能性增加有关.
- 基于剥夺的逆境与使用多种物质的可能性更高有关. 高度抑郁症状在波4的多物质组中更常见.
结论:
- 黑人美国男性的药物使用模式是异质的,具有不同的风险因素和年轻成年人的结果.
- 预防工作应针对大麻使用模式和黑人人口特有的心理社会逆境.
- 进一步的研究和有针对性的干预措施对于改善年轻黑人男性的健康结果至关重要.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Emerging Adulthood
111
Jeffrey Arnett's concept of emerging adulthood offers a framework to understand the unique developmental stage between adolescence and full-fledged adulthood, generally from ages 18 to 25. This period is marked by extensive exploration and shifts in identity, relationships, and career choices, a process known in psychology as role experimentation. Emerging adulthood reflects the evolving cultural expectations surrounding adulthood and the dynamic process of personal transformation during...
111
Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep
197
Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
197
Drug Dependence
1.1K
Medications are typically administered to achieve therapeutic effects. Some drugs can modify an individual's mood and perception, frequently resulting in various enjoyable experiences. However, this can result in drug dependency, a condition marked by continuous drug use despite potential negative consequences. Drug dependency primarily falls into two categories: psychological and physical dependence. Psychological dependence occurs when the pleasurable feelings induced by the drug...
1.1K
Conduct Disorder
91
Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
91
Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena
524
Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not...
524
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
131
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
131


