干扰和疾病:在野火发生后,淡水流中的宿主-寄生虫相互作用保持稳定
Emma C Svatos1,2, Landon P Falke3,4, Daniel L Preston3,4
1Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA. emma.svatos@colostate.edu.
Oecologia
|July 24, 2023
概括
野火对牛种群的影响微乎其微,但改变了特定的三虫寄生虫感染. 水生宿主-寄生虫相互作用显示了对火灾干扰的弹性,一些寄生虫在火灾后增加,而另一些寄生虫则减少.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
背景情况:
- 野火的频率和强度正在增加,需要了解它们对生态的影响.
- 虽然对自由生活的水生动物群落的影响已知,但火对宿主寄生虫相互作用的影响仍未得到充分研究.
- 水生生态系统面临来自改变干扰制度的新挑战.
研究的目的:
- 研究野火干扰如何影响河流生态系统中的牛宿主-寄生虫相互作用.
- 在野火后量化牛种群动态和三虫寄生虫社区结构的变化.
- 评估宿主-寄生虫关系在火灾干扰下的稳定性和弹性.
主要方法:
- 在俄勒冈州威拉梅特河流域的10个溪流站点采用了前后控制影响 (BACI) 设计.
- 在野火发生前一年和两年后,监测了牛宿主感染状况和三虫寄生虫社区结构.
- 分析了牛密度,大小分布和寄生虫感染概率,包括香农的多样性和均性.
主要成果:
- 牛宿主种群在密度或尺寸分布上没有显著的变化,尽管发生了严重的野火.
- 总体而言,形虫感染的概率保持一致,但特定的寄生虫种群在火灾后的感染概率发生了变化.
- 烧毁的遗址在三动物社区结构上表现出微妙的差异,与未烧毁的遗址相比,香农的多样性和均性更高.
结论:
- 水 snail-trematode 相互作用在野火干扰后对大多数种类表现出了显著的稳定性.
- 观察到的特异性三虫感染的变化可能与最终宿主丰度或行为的变化有关.
- 这些发现表明,水生宿主-寄生虫相互作用可以相对抗野火,这对使用寄生虫作为生物指标具有影响.
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