长非编码RNA和CRISPR-Cas版本在瘤发生过程中
Cristiana Libardi Miranda Furtado1,2, Renan da Silva Santos3, Sarah Leyenne Alves Sales3
1University of Fortaleza, Experimental Biology Center, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. clibardim@unifor.br.
Advances in experimental medicine and biology
|July 24, 2023
概括
长非编码RNAs (lncRNAs) 在癌症中至关重要. 克里斯普尔-卡斯系统能够精确编辑lncRNAs,以研究它们在瘤发生和耐药性中的作用,从而提供新的治疗途径.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 癌症研究 癌症研究
背景情况:
- 长非编码RNAs (lncRNAs) 是基因表达和染色体重塑的关键调节者.
- lncRNAs在细胞生长,分化中起着重要作用,并与癌症的发展和进展有关.
- lncRNA正在成为癌症诊断,预后和向治疗的重要生物标志物.
研究的目的:
- 审查功能性lncRNA研究的CRISPR-Cas技术的进展.
- 探索CRISPR-Cas在研究瘤发生和耐药性中的IncRNA作用中的应用.
- 讨论基于CRISPR的癌症治疗方法的潜力.
主要方法:
- 克里斯普尔-卡斯基因对 lncRNAs 的淘汰.
- 克里斯普尔介导的基因淘汰和lncRNAs的过度表达.
- 基于CRISPR的RNA向策略. 在CRISPR的基础上使用RNA向策略.
主要成果:
- 克里斯普尔-卡斯系统允许精确操纵lncRNA位置进行功能分析.
- 这些工具有助于阐明 lncRNA 在癌症发病,进展和耐药性方面的功能.
- 在研究复杂的基因组位置方面,CRISPR方法的有效性已被证明.
结论:
- 克里斯普尔-卡斯技术是剖析癌症中 lncRNA 功能的强大工具.
- 通过CRISPR了解lncRNA的作用,可以了解癌症机制.
- 基于CRISPR的策略对新型癌症向治疗具有前景.
相关概念视频
02:39lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs
8.6K
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
8.6K
03:18Non-LTR Retrotransposons
11.6K
As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
11.6K
02:57piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs
6.9K
PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
6.9K
02:53CRISPR and crRNAs
17.1K
Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
17.1K
01:20Types of RNA
5.9K
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
RNA Performs Diverse...
5.9K
01:59CRISPR
52.4K
Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
52.4K