极端温度事件,细颗粒物和心肌梗塞死亡率
Ruijun Xu1, Suli Huang2, Chunxiang Shi3
1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (R.X., T.L., Y. Li, Y.Z., Y. Liu).
Circulation
|July 24, 2023
概括
极端温度事件 (ETE) 和细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 会增加心肌梗塞 (MI) 死亡. 热浪与PM2.5有协同作用, 尤其影响女性和老年人.
科学领域:
- 环境健康
- 心血管流行病学
- 空气污染研究
背景情况:
- 极端温度事件 (ETE),如热浪和寒流,与心肌梗塞 (MI) 发病率有关,但它们对MI死亡率的影响需要进一步调查.
- 环境细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 和ETE对心血管死亡率的协同效应已被建议,但对于MI死亡情况尚未得到充分证实.
研究的目的:
- 研究ETE暴露与PM2.5和MI死亡率之间的关联.
- 评估ETE和PM2.5对引发心脏病死亡的相互作用作用.
主要方法:
- 一项时间分层的病例交叉研究分析了中国江苏省的202,678例心脏病死亡病例 (2015-2020年).
- 基于温度值和持续时间的多个ETE定义被使用.
- 使用条件后勤回归进行了暴露-反应分析,以估计相互作用效应.
主要成果:
- 热浪和寒冷都与心脏病死亡率的增加有关.
- 暴露于PM2.5显著与较高的MI死亡率有关,在较高的度下,影响会减弱.
- 热浪和PM2.5在心脏病死亡率之间发现了显著的协同作用,但在感冒期间却没有.
- 热浪和PM2.5联合占MI死亡人数的2. 8%,超过了世卫组织的临时目标3.
- 女性和老年人对这些暴露更容易受到伤害.
结论:
- 暴露于ETE和PM2.5显著增加MI死亡风险,热浪和PM2.5之间观察到协同作用.
- 通过减少早发性心脏病的死亡,减轻ETE和PM2.5暴露可能会为公众健康带来重大益处.
- 针对妇女和老年人等弱势群体可能需要有针对性的干预措施.
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