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针对COVID-19疫苗接种儿童的考虑因素
John D Hart1,2, Darren Suryawijaya Ong3,2, Kulkanya Chokephaibulkit4,5
1Infection, Immunity and Global Health Theme, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia john.hart@mcri.edu.au.
BMJ paediatrics open
|July 24, 2023
概括
为儿童推出COVID-19疫苗存在挑战,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs). 这些好处必须与现有的免疫力和对其他必要的儿童免疫接种的需求进行权衡.
科学领域:
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 全球范围内,COVID-19疫苗接种正在扩大到儿童群体.
- 在尚未采用该疫苗的国家,对儿科COVID-19疫苗的决策是复杂的,因为社区传播率高,感染性免疫力高.
- 疫情期间,儿童常规疫苗接种率有所下降,影响了麻疹和脊髓灰质炎等疾病,这些疾病在LMIC中患病/死亡率高于COVID-19.
研究的目的:
- 审查COVID-19在儿童中的流行病学,重点关注LMICs.
- 总结COVID-19疫苗在儿童和青少年中的安全性,有效性和有效性.
- 突出介绍儿童COVID-19疫苗接种的复杂性和考虑因素,特别是在LMICs.
主要方法:
- 关于儿童COVID-19的已发表研究的文献综述.
- 对儿童群体中COVID-19疫苗的安全性,有效性和有效性数据的分析.
- 专注于与低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 相关的数据.
主要成果:
- 针对儿童的COVID-19疫苗具有积极的风险-益处概况,尽管益处不如其他拯救生命的疫苗那么明显,特别是在具有高感染性免疫力的LMIC中.
- 针对疫苗推广的资源配置对LMICs来说是一个重大挑战.
- 在LMICs的儿童中,关于COVID-19的流行病学数据很少.
结论:
- 儿童COVID-19疫苗接种决策是复杂的,特别是考虑到这种低风险组的广泛感染免疫力.
- 建议优先考虑有风险的儿童接种COVID-19疫苗.
- 在儿童中引入COVID-19疫苗应该是加强常规免疫接种和预防性医疗保健的机会,确保为未来的流行病提供公平的疫苗接种.
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