在患有并发性安非他命使用障碍和注意力缺陷-多动症障碍的个体中冲动选择
Christoffer Brynte1, Lotfi Khemiri2, Hannes Stenström2
1Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden. christoffer.brynte@ki.se.
BMC psychiatry
|July 24, 2023
概括
与单独患有ADHD的人相比,患有ADHD和安非他命使用障碍的人表现出更高的冲动性和受损的决策能力. 这些发现凸显了针对性查和治疗共患疾病的必要性.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 和安非他命使用障碍 (AMPH) 经常同时发生,导致治疗结果较差.
- 过高的冲动性是ADHD和AMPH的共同特征,但伴随疾病群体中冲动性的特定神经认知特征仍未得到充分探索.
研究的目的:
- 调查冲动性的神经认知特征,重点关注包括冲动性选择在内的不同方面,在伴随性ADHD和AMPH的个体中.
- 为了比较ADHD+AMPH,仅ADHD和健康对照 (HC) 个体之间的冲动性水平和认知表现.
主要方法:
- 评估了三个组:ADHD+AMPH (n=29),仅ADHD (n=25) 和健康的对照组 (HC,n=116).
- 参与者完成了冲动性和认知任务的自我报告措施,评估延迟厌恶和反射冲动性.
- 计算机化认知任务分别由ADHD+AMPH,仅ADHD和HC组的20,16和114名参与者完成.
主要成果:
- 与ADHD单独和HC组相比,ADHD+AMPH组报告了显著更高的运动,注意力和非计划冲动性水平.
- 与其他两组相比,患有ADHD+AMPH的个体表现出明显更高程度的冲动选择.
- 只有ADHD组和HC组之间没有发现与任务相关的冲动性有显著差异.
结论:
- 伴随性ADHD和AMPH与全球性冲动性高,特别是与与任务相关的冲动性选择障碍相关,使其与单独的ADHD区别开来.
- 在ADHD+AMPH中,独特的神经认知特征表明需要在医疗机构进行系统查.
- 为患有并发性ADHD和AMPH的个体开发有效的,有针对性的治疗方法至关重要.
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