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游泳冲刺表现取决于上/下肢的力量和游泳者的水准
Diogo D Carvalho1,2, Ana Sofia Monteiro1,2, Pedro Fonseca2
1Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Journal of sports sciences
|July 25, 2023
概括
精英游泳者表现出优越的力量,与所有冲击中更快的冲刺时间相关联. 干地强度测试有效地将精英游泳者与非精英游泳者区分开来,突出了其在表现方面的重要性.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 人类表现的人类表现.
背景情况:
- 游泳表现依赖于技术和身体属性的复杂相互作用.
- 在不同的游泳运动 (蝶,背部运动,胸部运动,前部爬行) 中,四肢力量,人体测量和表现之间的特定关系仍然不完全理解.
- 根据这些物理参数来区分初学者和精英游泳者需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 调查上肢和下肢力量,人体特征和精英和非精英游泳者的冲刺游泳表现之间的关联.
- 为了确定干地强度测试是否可以区分游泳者的性能水平.
- 为了探索强度-性能关系中的中风特定差异.
主要方法:
- 参与者包括14名非精英和16名精英游泳者 (男性和女性).
- 测量涉及人体测量,四次最大25米游泳 (所有冲程),异动力学肩膀强度测试 (曲/延伸90°和300°/秒),以及反运动跳跃.
- 用皮尔森相关性分析和预测建模来分析数据.
主要成果:
- 冲刺时间与上肢和下肢的力量和功率有负相关性.
- 精英游泳者表现出更高的力量水平,与较长的冲击长度 (蝶,前爬) 和更高的冲击率 (背冲击,胸冲击) 相关.
- 手臂伸展与蝶,背部和前部爬行中的冲刺时间有负相关性.
- 干地强度测试显著区分了精英游泳者和非精英游泳者 (r2 = 0.670.81,p < 0.001).
结论:
- 干地强度是精英游泳者与非精英游泳者之间的重要区别.
- 力量和动力是冲刺游泳表现的关键组成部分.
- 这些发现表明,干地强度评估可以成为宝贵的技能识别和游泳绩效评估工具.
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