埃塞俄比亚北部乙型肝炎病毒感染的危险因素:个案对照研究
Desalegn Weldebrhan1, Hailemariam Berhe2, Yohannes Tesfay2
1Department of Adult Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mekelle University, Tigray, Ethiopia.
Hepatic medicine : evidence and research
|July 25, 2023
概括
家庭性肝炎暴露,传统医疗程序和牙科工作是埃塞俄比亚北部乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 感染的关键风险因素. 提高对性传播的认识可能会降低HBV风险.
科学领域:
- 肝病学 肝病学是一种肝病学.
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 感染对全球健康构成重大挑战,导致肝病发病率和死亡率.
- 尽管儿童接种疫苗很普遍,但埃塞俄比亚已经观察到与HBV相关的住院病例和死亡率的上升.
- 埃塞俄比亚北部对HBV风险因素的流行病学数据有限,需要有针对性的研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查和确定与乙型肝炎病毒感染相关的特定风险因素.
- 为埃塞俄比亚北部公共卫生干预提供关键的流行病学数据.
主要方法:
- 一项无与伦比的医院病例控制研究于2019年3月至5月进行.
- 从213名参与者 (71个病例,142个对照组) 收集数据,通过使用预先测试的问卷进行面对面采访.
- 统计分析涉及二进制和多变量逻辑回归,显著性设置为P <0.05.
主要成果:
- 家庭暴露于肝炎 (AOR 3.7) 和牙科手术史 (AOR 3.8) 与增加的HBV风险显著相关.
- 之前的传统医疗程序 (AOR 1.2) 也成为一个风险因素.
- 意识到HBV是一种性传播感染与感染的可能性较低有关 (AOR 0.084).
结论:
- 家庭中与肝炎的接触,牙科病史和之前的传统医疗程序被确定为HBV感染的独立风险因素.
- 缺乏对性传播HBV的认识是导致感染率的关键因素.
- 研究结果强调需要针对性公共卫生战略,以解决埃塞俄比亚北部这些特定的风险因素.
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