在幼儿时期未能完成多剂量疫苗接种系列
Sarah Y Michels1,2, Linda M Niccolai1, James L Hadler1
1Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut.
Pediatrics
|July 25, 2023
概括
超过六分之一的儿童开始但没有完成关键的儿童免疫接种,这表明有护理障碍. 解决这些问题对于预防疾病和实现疫苗接种目标至关重要.
科学领域:
- 儿科健康 儿科健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 针对幼儿免疫的最佳保护通常需要一系列3到4剂.
- 了解导致疫苗接种系列不完整的因素对于公共卫生至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定与在美国儿童中启动但未完成多剂量疫苗系列相关的社会人口学因素.
- 为改善儿童疫苗接种覆盖率的战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 分析2019年全国免疫调查-美国19-35个月龄段儿童的儿童数据.
- 疫苗接种模式的分类:系列完成,系列启动失败或多剂量系列不完整.
- 多变量日志链接二项式回归用于评估社会人口统计学因素和疫苗接种模式之间的关联,考虑调查设计和权重.
主要成果:
- 17.2%的儿童开始但没有完成至少一个多剂量疫苗系列.
- 与不完整系列相关的关键因素包括跨越州界线的移动 (aPR=1.45),家庭规模 (aPR=1.29-1.68) 和缺乏保险 (aPR=2.03).
- 大约8.4%的儿童距离完成7剂疫苗系列仅有一剂.
结论:
- 超过六分之一的美国儿童面临完成多剂量疫苗系列的障碍,突出系统性问题.
- 需要加强战略,以提高多剂量疫苗完成率.
- 实现疫苗接种覆盖目标需要解决这些已识别的结构性障碍,以确保对可预防疾病的最佳保护.
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