运动前超水对运动表现,生理结果和胃肠道症状的影响:系统性审查
William T Jardine1, Brad Aisbett2, Monica K Kelly2
1School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Centre for Sport Research, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia. wjardine@deakin.edu.au.
Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)
|July 25, 2023
概括
运动前的过可能会通过改善生理反应,如心率降低和核心温度来提高运动能力. 结合透辅助剂可能会增加水分保留,但需要对各种运动类型和女性参与者进行更多研究.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 在炎热的环境中长时间炼挑战了温度调节和心血管功能,损害了体育表现.
- 使用营养辅助剂进行运动前的过水是减轻运动期间脱水效应和热应激的策略.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查现有的关于运动前超水的影响的文献.
- 为了确定超水对运动表现,生理反应和胃肠道症状的影响.
主要方法:
- 对英语全文文章的系统综述,比较高水度与基线或安慰剂.
- 搜索了Medline Complete,SPORTDiscus和Embase数据库,最终搜索时间为2022年10月11日.
- 使用美国饮食学会质量标准检查清单评估研究质量.
主要成果:
- 22项研究评估了运动表现,其中一些研究报告了时间试验表现 (5.7-11.4%),完成的总工作 (4-5%) 和运动能力 (14.3-26.2%) 的改善.
- 九项研究显示,平均心率降低 (3-11bpm),八项研究报告说,在持续工作速度的运动中,核心温度降低 (0.1-0.8°C).
- 十项研究表明血量增加 (3.5-12.6%),而26项研究报告了胃肠道症状,根据摄入方案而有所不同.
结论:
- 运动前的过可能通过降低心率和核心温度来提高运动能力,这与血体积增加有关.
- 结合透辅助剂 (如甘油,) 可以改善水分保留;需要进一步的研究.
- 未来的研究应该使用可靠的方法来评估胃肠道症状,调查各种炼方式,确保蒙蔽,并包括更多的女性参与者.
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