交叉检查新闻事实检查员:抽样和缩放在解释虚假和误导性陈述中的作用
David M Markowitz1, Timothy R Levine2, Kim B Serota3
1Department of Communication, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States of America.
PloS one
|July 25, 2023
概括
事实验证组织在真实性方面达成一致,但在陈述选择和扩展方面存在差异. 这项研究揭示了事实核查过程中的变化,影响了被认为的准确性和客观性.
科学领域:
- 政治科学 政治科学是指政治学.
- 媒体研究 媒体研究
- 信息传播 信息传播 信息传播
背景情况:
- 专业的事实核查人员对于公众信息至关重要.
- 对于现代事实核查的准确性和客观性存在怀疑.
- 评估事实检查组织之间的协议对于理解媒体可靠性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估"华盛顿邮报"和PolitiFact在当时的总统唐纳德·特朗普 (Donald J. Trump) 的事实检查声明上的协议.
- 调查事实检查员之间的陈述选择和欺骗性缩放中的差异.
- 通过与其他来源和行政部门进行比较,探索意识形态对事实核查的潜在影响.
主要方法:
- 华盛顿邮报和PolitiFact进行的事实核查的比较分析.
- 对陈述选择不同意率的检查.
- 在欺骗性缩放和归因真实性方面对协议的评估.
- 与其他来源 (Snopes,FactCheck.org) 和原始来源进行交叉检查.
- 对乔·拜登总统政府事实核查数据的分析.
主要成果:
- 华盛顿邮报选择了PolitiFact的事实检查77.4%的时间,表明有22.6%的选择不同意.
- 在量化陈述欺骗性方面发现了适度的共识.
- 观察到几乎完全一致的声明的最终归因真实性.
- 与其他来源和行政部门的交叉引用没有显示出一致的意识形态效应.
结论:
- 事实核查是一个复杂的过程,组织之间存在固有的变化.
- 陈述选择和缩放的差异在很大程度上导致了事实检查人员之间明显的差异.
- 尽管存在差异,但关于陈述的最终真实性的高度一致性表明了可靠的核心功能.
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