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胆小的入侵:一种非本土动物的行为调整和范围扩大
Jana A Eccard1, Valeria Mazza1, Celia Holland2
1Animal Ecology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
Proceedings. Biological sciences
|July 26, 2023
概括
引入爱尔兰的非原生银行虫显示出行为适应. 在扩张边缘的雄性飞显示了较低的风险承担,这表明这种特征有助于它们的范围扩张.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 动物行为 动物行为
- 侵入性物种 生物学 生物学
背景情况:
- 动物行为影响生物入侵动态和本地物种适应.
- 促进殖民成功的行为特征尚未完全理解.
- 非原生银行 (Myodes glareolus) 于100年前引入爱尔兰,影响了原生森林老鼠 (Apodemus sylvaticus).
研究的目的:
- 为了研究入侵性银行和本土木鼠的冒险和探索行为.
- 为了比较不同银行飞殖民区 (建立,扩张边缘,到达前) 的行为反应.
- 为了确定本地小鼠是否在行为上适应了入侵性小鼠的存在.
主要方法:
- 在三个不同的殖民区采集银行 (N=225) 和木鼠 (N=189) 的行为样本.
- 在两种物种的个体中一致测量风险承担和探索行为.
- 重复的行为测试以评估习惯性和一致性.
主要成果:
- 这两种物种在冒险和探索方面表现出一致的个体变化.
- 本地森林小鼠没有表现出对跨区域入侵性野鼠存在的行为调整.
- 在扩张边缘的雄性银行最初更不愿意冒险,但与既定种群相比,它们更快地习惯了测试.
结论:
- 行为特征,特别是风险厌恶,在入侵前线分散的雄性飞鸟中可以在空间上进行排序.
- 在入侵性猎物物种中开发不愿风险的表型的能力是成功扩大范围的关键组成部分.
- 物种内部的一致的行为变化对于理解入侵生态至关重要.
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