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鱼mtDNA基因组的水产养殖驱动的进化

Karoline Hasti Rutle¹, Rasmus Skern-Mauritzen¹, Frank Nilsen²

¹Institute of Marine Research Bergen Norway.

Evolutionary applications

|July 26, 2023

概括

在水产养殖中广泛使用甲类药物,迅速在北大西洋的鱼中传播了对deltamethrin的耐药性. 这种抗性与特定的线粒体DNA (mtDNA) 变异有关,确定了两个主要来源.

科学领域:

水生寄生虫学水生寄生虫学
人口遗传学人口遗传学
分子生态学分子生态学

背景情况:

大西洋鱼 (Lepeophtheirus salmonis salmonis) 对像德尔塔美林这样的类药物具有抗性,这在水产养殖中构成了重大挑战.
线粒体DNA (mtDNA) 含有与这种寄生虫的德尔塔米特林耐药性相关的遗传标记.
了解水产养殖实践对寄生虫遗传学和耐药性分散的影响对于有效管理至关重要.

研究的目的:

调查水产养殖中广泛使用甲类药物是如何影响鱼的mtDNA变异的.
在北大西洋追踪耐德拉米特林复合体的地理分布.
确定勒波菲病毒沙门病毒种群中德尔塔梅斯林耐药性的起源和传播模式.

主要方法:

从历史 (2000-2002) 和当代 (2014-2017) 鱼样本中测序线粒体基因 (ATPase 6和细胞染色体b).
两种特定的遗传标记的基因定型,用于德尔塔米特林耐药性.
微卫星基因型鉴定用于评估人口结构和控制潜在的瓶.

主要成果:

在历史样本和当代样本之间观察到整体mtDNA多样性的适度减少,一些当代种群对特定的单元型表现出固定性.
虽然历史样本表现出高mtDNA哈普洛型多样性,但当代样本显示多样性减少,与deltamethrin耐药性模式有很强的相关性.
两种以前未被检测到的mtDNA单基因类型,与deltamethrin耐药性相关,在当代样本中占主导地位,表明由高遗传连接促进的快速,远距离传播.

结论:

在水产养殖中广泛的甲应用已经显著改变了北大西洋鱼的mtDNA多样性模式.
德尔塔米特林耐药性的快速扩散是由该物种高度的遗传连接驱动的.
已经确定了两种主要的德尔塔美林耐药性的来源,它们在北大西洋迅速传播.

关键词:

莱波菲病毒是沙门病毒.水产养殖的水产养殖德尔塔米特林是什么意思德尔塔米特林是什么意思环境影响环境影响环境影响福利服务福利服务

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