学校准备能力的因素结构:概念与统计的区别
Robert J Duncan1, Kirsten L Anderson1, Jennifer K Finders1
1Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.
Frontiers in psychology
|July 26, 2023
概括
这项研究发现,执行功能,语言和数学等学校准备能力在时间和构造上具有显著的差异. 当前的研究模型可能会高估区别,影响发展理论和未来的研究.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 教育心理学教育心理学
- 心理测量 心理测量 心理测量
背景情况:
- 学校准备包括执行功能 (EF),语言/识字和数学技能,这些技能对学业成功至关重要.
- 这些技能在儿童早期的发展是以后学业成就的基础.
- 现有的研究往往将这些技能作为不同的,独立的因素来建模.
研究的目的:
- 统计评估学校准备能力的13个直接评估与理论模型的一致性.
- 检查执行功能,语言/识字和数学技能在多大程度上代表了随着时间的推移不同的潜在因素.
- 挑战早期儿童研究中的传统建模实践.
主要方法:
- 利用684名幼儿园前儿童 (平均年龄为4.80岁) 的数据进行了因子分析.
- 评估儿童在他们的幼儿园前一年的秋季和春季.
- 在不同的构造和时间点中研究了潜在因子结构.
主要成果:
- 一个具有跨时间和构造的潜在随机截取的模型,加上时间点特定的因素,显示了最多的统计支持.
- 时间点特定的因素主要由早期的识字和数学评估组成.
- 在不同的构造和评估时期观察到显著的共享差异.
结论:
- 这些发现挑战了在早期儿童研究中假设不同的构造和时间点特定的潜在因素的常见做法.
- 显著的共同差异表明,对学校准备能力的更完整的看法是有必要的.
- 讨论了对发展理论和实践研究方法在学校准备中的影响.
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