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鸟类的翅膀可以延长而不是缩短,以应对增加的迁徙掠食危险

Ronald C Ydenberg¹, Guillermo Fernández², Enver Ortiz Lopez³

¹Centre for Wildlife Ecology, Department of Biological Sciences Simon Fraser University Burnaby British Columbia Canada.

Ecology and evolution

|July 26, 2023

概括

西方沙正在进化更长的翅膀,而半的沙正在进化更短的翅膀,以应对迁徙期间游牧猎 (Falco peregrinus) 掠食压力的增加.

科学领域:

进化生物学是进化的生物学.
鸟类生态学鸟类生态学
野生动物的形态测量.

背景情况:

捕食压力可以推动猎物形态的适应性进化变化.
鸟类种群,包括西沙 (Calidris mauri) 和半沙 (C. pusilla),面临着游牧猎 (Falco peregrinus) 的日益严重的掠夺.

研究的目的:

记录西方沙和半沙的翅膀长度在几十年内发生的变化.
调查这些形态变化是否是适应性反应,以增加掠食.
为了对比太平洋和大西洋飞道种群之间的翅膀长度趋势.

主要方法:

从1978年到2020年在不列颠哥伦比亚省捕获的超过12,000只向南向西的沙.
翅膀长度趋势与以前报告的半皮沙鸟数据的比较.
统计分析以确定翼长变化的速率和意义.

主要成果:

从1978年到2020年,西沙龙的翅膀长度显著增加 (成年人每年增加0.074毫米,幼年人每年增加0.087毫米).
这与先前报告的半养成年沙鸟翅膀缩短趋势形成鲜明对比 (-0.103毫米/年).
变化是特定于翅膀的长度,而不是一般的身体尺寸,青少年西沙翅膀的长度随着雪融的时间而变化.

结论:

西方和半的沙鸟的不同翅膀长度趋势可能是与游牧猎的不同相互作用的进化适应.
西方沙的更长的翅膀可能会提高速度,以避免迁徙期间的猎重叠.
半的沙鸟的较短的翅膀可能会提高在停留地点逃离猎的敏捷性.

关键词:

移民移民迁移迁移形态学形态学形态学游牧猎 (Peregrine falcon) 是一个游牧猎.掠食的危险掠食的危险砂管的使用方法翅膀的形状翅膀的形状

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