儿童喘的饮食预防策略
Nicklas Brustad1, Klaus Bønnelykke1, Bo Chawes1
1COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
概括
这篇评论探讨了饮食如何影响儿童喘. 它强调需要更多关于预防喘的母亲和幼儿营养的研究.
科学领域:
- 儿科过敏和免疫学
- 营养流行病学 营养流行病学
- 预防医学 预防医学
背景情况:
- 儿童喘患病率正在上升,与西方饮食偏向加工食品和脂肪含量高的转变相吻合.
- 这种饮食转变减少了对抗炎症和免疫调节营养素的摄入,如n-3脂肪酸和维生素D.
- 目前的喘预防指南缺乏关于母亲或幼儿期饮食干预措施的具体建议.
研究的目的:
- 审查有关饮食摄入量和儿童喘预防的当前文献.
- 确定一级和二级喘预防策略的研究缺口.
- 为未来关于食模式和喘微量营养素补充的临床试验提供信息.
主要方法:
- 对观察性研究和随机对照试验 (RCT) 的系统审查.
- 专注于怀孕和幼儿时期的饮食摄入量.
- 分析特定饮食模式,微量营养素和喘发展之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 观察性研究表明饮食和喘之间存在联系,但可靠的RCT证据有限.
- 像n-3脂肪酸和维生素D这样的微量营养素正在研究潜在的抗炎作用.
- 现有的指导方针还没有纳入初级喘预防的饮食策略.
结论:
- 饮食模式和微量营养素补充剂显示出儿童喘预防的潜力.
- 需要进一步的大规模,精心设计的RCT来确定疗效.
- 有证据支持探索孕产妇和幼儿营养,以预防性喘策略.
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