在水溶液中通过产生强烈氧化和还原中间体进行电有机合成
Seyyedamirhossein Hosseini1, Joshua A Beeler1, Melanie S Sanford2
1Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA. white@chemistry.utah.edu.
Faraday discussions
|July 26, 2023
概括
本研究介绍了减少氧化和减少氧化在水中的电合成策略. 这些方法克服了水.
科学领域:
- 绿色化学和有机电合成
- 电化学和反应机制.
- 可持续的合成方法论
背景情况:
- 水是电合成的理想绿色溶剂,但电化学窗口有限.
- 许多有机反应所需的高电位会导致水的氧化或减少,阻碍合成.
- 当前的方法在使用超出电化学极限的水时,难以获得良好的产量和选择性.
研究的目的:
- 在水中开发新的电有机反应,这些反应超出了其标准的电化学窗口.
- 引入用于水电合成的称为减氧氧化和氧化还原的合成策略.
- 证明这些策略在氧化和减少水中的有机化合物的实用性.
主要方法:
- 降解氧化:使用电生成的Ru(NH3) 6^2+对过氧化硫酸盐进行均的降解,以形成硫酸盐基离子 (SO4•−).
- 氧化还原:使用电生成的Ru(bpy) 3^3+对酸盐进行均的氧化,以产生二氧化碳基离子 (CO2•−).
- 在水的电化学窗口内,电化学生成反应性基物种 (SO4•−和CO2•−).
主要成果:
- 硫酸盐基离子 (SO4•−) 在 -0.2 V 与 Ag/AgCl 相比产生,能够氧化醇和烯等有机化合物.
- 产生了二氧化碳基离子 (CO2•−),使得像基化中的C-Br键这样的物种能够减少,超出了水的减少潜力.
- 降解氧化和氧化还原策略都证明了在水性介质中有效地抽取原子和降低C-Br键.
结论:
- 降解氧化和氧化还原是扩大水中的有机电合成范围的有效策略.
- 这些方法使得需要超出水的电化学窗口潜力的反应成为可能,使用产生的基离子.
- 开发的策略为水溶液中电合成提供了一种更绿色和更通用的方法.
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