在中国中老年和老年人中长期的PM2.5暴露,肺功能和认知功能
Zirong Ye1,2, Xueru Li1,2, Haoxiang Lang1,2
1State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccine and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
概括
长期暴露于细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 损害了认知功能,肺功能部分介导了这一效应. 保护肺部健康对于保持老年人的认知能力至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 长期暴露于细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 与降低肺功能和认知障碍有关.
- 连接PM2.5暴露与认知衰退的具体途径尚未完全理解.
- 调查肺功能在这一关联中的调解作用对于公共卫生至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 探索肺功能是否调解了45岁以上成年人PM2.5暴露和认知功能之间的关系.
- 量化PM2.5对认知表现的直接和间接影响.
主要方法:
- 利用来自中国健康与退休长度研究 (CHARLS) 的7915名45岁以上成年人的数据.
- 使用地理加权回归模型估计的PM2.5暴露.
- 通过高峰呼气流 (PEF) 评估肺功能,并通过涵盖记忆,注意力,定向和视觉构造的结构化问卷评估认知功能.
- 在反事实框架内应用因果调解分析.
主要成果:
- PM2.5变化的四分位数间范围增加与PEF和全球认知评分的显著下降有关.
- 暴露于PM2.5对全球认知表现的直接影响为-0.279和间接影响为-0.023.
- 肺功能 (PEF) 部分介导了这种关联,占对认知的间接影响的7.48%,特别影响了情节性记忆和注意力.
结论:
- 肺功能在长期暴露于PM2.5对认知功能的有害影响中起着部分调解作用.
- 旨在改善空气质量和肺功能的干预措施可能有助于在老年人群中保持认知健康.
- 需要进一步的研究,以充分阐明将空气污染与认知衰退联系在一起的机制.
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