基于细胞的治疗方法治疗玻璃眼
Joshua Luis1, Karen Eastlake1, William D B Lamb1
1NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology & Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.
Translational vision science & technology
|July 26, 2023
概括
眼治疗正在探索基于细胞的疗法来恢复视力. 这些创新方法旨在再生视网膜细胞或使用细胞产品来支持视神经健康.
科学领域:
- 眼科和再生医学眼科和再生医学
- 神经科学和细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 玻璃眼光神经病 (Glaucomatous optic neuropathy,简称GON) 是全球不可逆转失明的主要原因,其特征是视网膜质细胞 (RGC) 退化和视神经头部 (ONH) 重塑.
- 升高的眼内压力是主要可改变的危险因素,但目前的治疗方法无法恢复失去的视力.
- 了解斑马鱼等物种的视网膜再生,可以了解再生信号通路.
研究的目的:
- 审查当前和新兴的基于细胞的治疗策略,治疗青光眼.
- 突出内源再生,细胞移植和细胞衍生产品在治疗GON的潜力.
- 确定将这些疗法转化为临床实践的关键因素.
主要方法:
- 关于斑马鱼视网膜再生机制的研究综述.
- 对来自干细胞的视网膜细胞的体外分化协议的分析.
- 评估基于细胞的产品,如神经,microRNA和细胞外囊泡,以支持RGC和ONH.
主要成果:
- 正在阐明再生信号通路,但神经元集成和大脑投射仍然是挑战.
- 在体外 (in vitro) 方法可以从各种来源获得视网膜细胞,包括干细胞.
- 细胞衍生产品提供了一个有前途的替代品,通过支持现有结构而无需细胞替代.
结论:
- 基于细胞的疗法,包括内源再生,细胞植入和细胞衍生产品,显示出对玻璃眼治疗的重大前景.
- 成功的临床翻译需要优化细胞采购,分化和植入技术.
- 这些方法可能针对早期疾病阶段,并为脆弱的视网膜部件提供功能支持.
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